debuggerd_fallback: don't recursively abort.

Calls to abort() will always result in our signal handler being called,
because abort will manually unblock SIGABRT before raising it. This
can lead to deadlock when handling address space exhaustion in the
fallback handler. To fix this, switch our mutex to a recursive mutex,
and manually keep track of our lock count.

Bug: http://b/72929749
Test: debuggerd_test --gtest_filter="CrasherTest.seccomp_crash_oom"
Change-Id: I609f263ce93550350b17757189326b627129d4a7