system/rust: Restructure and add logs for FFI

Restructure the GlobalModuleRegistry:
 - Rename to RustModuleRunner
 - Clarify states
 - Internalize the static global
 - Add a number of logs when error states occur

Logs should be output before panic to make crashes identifiable.

Bug: 356462170
Test: m com.android.btservices
Flag: EXEMPT refactor only
Change-Id: Iecd62aa2b6e743b2726f2cf87808e6718d98fedf