Provide read access for Location in Catalyst

Allows Catalyst APIs to expose whether Location services are on or off (not sensitive information, already available through unprotected public API). Does not allow setting this value.

Bug: 406567465
Test: dump DeviceState via ADB
Flag: com.android.settings.flags.device_state
Flag: com.android.settings.flags.catalyst_location_settings
Change-Id: I27e3c7a46d5657ef494332871d5a2724db060a09