Update RatRatcheter with new CarrierConfigManager APIs

- Replace carrier config change broadcast receiver with listener
  which has better performance
- Retrieve subset of carrier configs as needed to save memory

Bug: 244087782
Test: atest RatRatcheterTest ServiceStateTrackerTest
Change-Id: I1c07e553692ae94a32199cdd052aac24cfa05d75
Merged-In: I1c07e553692ae94a32199cdd052aac24cfa05d75
(cherry picked from commit 9eb55811)