Return std::optional from getAbsoluteAxisValue

This makes the methods nicer to use, and forces callers to clearly
handle the case where there's no value to return.

Test: m checkinput
Test: atest inputflinger_tests
Test: build and run inputflinger_multitouch_input_fuzzer for a while
Bug: 245989146
Flag: EXEMPT refactor
Change-Id: I51c750d21d8a95ef631d93365ee76d18ebf71d43