enforce stricter rules when registering phoneAccounts

- include disable accounts when looking up accounts for a package to
  check if the limit is reached (10)
- put a new limit of 10 supported schemes
- put a new limit of 256 characters per scheme
- put a new limit of 256 characters per address
- ensure the Icon can write to memory w/o throwing an exception

bug: 259064622
bug: 256819769
Test: cts + unit
Change-Id: Ia7d8d00d9de0fb6694ded6a80c40bd55d7fdf7a7
Merged-In: Ia7d8d00d9de0fb6694ded6a80c40bd55d7fdf7a7
(cherry picked from commit on googleplex-android-review.googlesource.com host: b07326f1)
Merged-In: Ia7d8d00d9de0fb6694ded6a80c40bd55d7fdf7a7