[Ravenwood] Update RATR to setup environment ASAP

- Remove the workaround to record constructor exceptions and throw
  later, runner errors are handled properly after aosp/3310766
- Initialize Ravenwood's environment as soon as the real inner runner is
  instantiated, as in some cases getDescription() itself needs env setup
- Make the entire environment tied to a RATR instance
- Add new tests to make sure the early environment setup is working

Flag: EXEMPT host test change only
Bug: 356918135
Test: $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/frameworks/base/ravenwood/scripts/run-ravenwood-tests.sh
Change-Id: I301607fd6602649172f16991d6d5ae1b577c47cd