Sanitized uri scheme by removing scheme delimiter

Initially considered removing unsupported characters as per IANA guidelines, but this could break applications that use custom schemes with asterisks. Instead, opted to remove only the "://" to minimize disruption

Bug: 261721900
Test: atest FrameworksCoreTests:android.net.UriTest

No-Typo-Check: The unit test is specifically written to test few cases, string "http://https://" is not a typo
(cherry picked from https://googleplex-android-review.googlesource.com/q/commit:737bc87e74763a073b01253cd3d9a35ccfdc0138)
Merged-In: Ib7c4fd9965e397cb2f85b105c6385d446af9250c
Change-Id: Ib7c4fd9965e397cb2f85b105c6385d446af9250c