Replace ACTION_SCREEN_OFF broadcast with KeyguardLockedStateListener.

This change improves the reliability of disabling USB data when the device is locked by using the new `KeyguardLockedStateListener`. This listener provides a direct callback when the keyguard state changes, eliminating the need for complex retry logic previously used to handle race conditions with `ACTION_SCREEN_OFF`. The delay for disabling USB data has also been reduced to 5 seconds to aid connection recovery.

Bug: 34948618
Test: atest, manual testing
Flag: android.security.aapm_feature_usb_data_protection
Change-Id: Ia14a36fea0266e373efb531d401c6533ea1d57b4