Keep ClockEventController attached in Flexiglass

ClockEventController should keep it's callbacks connected. Otherwise
when the lockscreen isn't visible, we end up missing updates to user
setting changes like timezone changes. To accomplish this, we divide
the binder pattern doze listeners from the others. This lets us keep
ClockEventController's longer term listeners active while lockscreen
is not rendered, but only bind the doze listeners while it is.

Bug: 433723356
Test: Manually checked reproduction
Flag: com.android.systemui.scene_container
Change-Id: I6cce0eee710ebc6087b9b0c7a1841265a1e25b44