Camera: Improve error handling of device state listeners

Do not register characteristic fold state listeners in
case the DeviceStateManager fails to register the main
device state callback. This is possible in case we are
running in instant mode and can impact the correctness of
the characteristics override logic.

Bug: 281930689
Test:
atest --instant
cts/tests/camera/src/android/hardware/camera2/cts/ExtendedCameraCharacteristicsTest.java#testLegacyCameraDeviceParity
atest
cts/tests/camera/src/android/hardware/camera2/cts/ExtendedCameraCharacteristicsTest.java#testLegacyCameraDeviceParity

Change-Id: I53908508c5dd7375663cf37fc18522b1cea12e5e