[sat] Add more logs around registering callbacks

There are instances where we really want to know exactly _when_ a
callback was registered. This adds that for the remaining callbacks in
DeviceBasedSatelliteRepositoryImpl

Bug: 363283221
Flag: EXEMPT logging
Test: DeviceBasedSatelliteRepositoryImplTest
Change-Id: I68dfdda668ef6787c3547483d713861891d1fd3b