Reland: Only put PARSE_TIME_MAKE_GOALS into KATI_TARGETS

Only goals that modify the parsing need to be passed to kati, filter out
everything else and only pass it to ninja.

Also, always specify --gen_all_phony_targets. With this flag, kati emits
all phony targets in the ninja file so a ninja file generated only with
PARSE_TIME_MAKE_GOALS can handle targets which don't change the parsing.

This is a reland attempt of
https://android-review.googlesource.com/#/c/172800/

The two issues should have been fixed by Ying in internal trees.

Bug: 24339367
Change-Id: I8ba2254f9bff271da2a7aa7684fd3d987e07c9d3