Add a singleton CacheLocation to replace the hard coded locations

This class allows us to set the following locations dynamically:
cache_temp_source, last_command_file, stash_directory_base.

In the updater's main function, we reset the values of these variables
to their default locations in /cache; while we can set them to temp
files in unit tests or host simulation.

Test: unit tests pass
Change-Id: I528652650caa41373617ab055d41b1f1a4ec0f87