Move carrier privilege intent resolution to CarrierPrivilegesTracker.

These methods now use CarrierPrivilegesTracker as the source of truth,
and the Uicc{Port,Profile,CarrierPrivilegeRules} redundancies have been
removed.

This implicitly adds a caching layer that should result in noticeable
performance increases. While the PackageManager intent resolution
queries are still per-call, we now have a caching layer that allows
instantly determining whether a resolved component has privileges, and
we don't have to perform redundant PackageManager queries to get that
status.

Bug: 211796398
Test: atest com.android.internal.telephony.CarrierPrivilegesTrackerTest
Test: atest android.telephony.cts.TelephonyManagerTest
Change-Id: Icdf82d070662eeac07fdaa3299163937a64fc563