Support test override carrier privilege in CarrierPrivilegeTracker

TelephonyManager#setCarrierTestOverride was introduced in b/72332597 to
override carrier infos (including carrier privilege rules) for testing.

Test override need to support in CPT before migrating CP check from
scattered components to CPT. Otherwise test failures (e.g.
CarrierAppDeviceTest) are observed.

Bug: 214470389
Test: atest CarrierPrivilegeTrackerTest
Test: atest
com.google.android.telephony.tests.carrierapp.CarrierAppDeviceTest

Change-Id: I8db3710cb6591314da29db09b322b6ba01a42247
Merged-In: I8db3710cb6591314da29db09b322b6ba01a42247
(cherry picked from commit 82b60d35)