rbd: refactor rbd_dev_probe_update_spec()

Fairly straightforward refactoring of rbd_dev_probe_update_spec().
The name is changed to rbd_dev_spec_update().

Rearrange it so nothing gets assigned to the spec until all of the
names have been successfully acquired.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>