time: ntp: refactor and clean up ntp_update_offset()

Impact: cleanup, no functionality changed

- introduce the ntp_update_offset_fll() helper
- clean up the flow and variable naming

kernel/time/ntp.o:

   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
   2504	    114	    136	   2754	    ac2	ntp.o.before
   2504	    114	    136	   2754	    ac2	ntp.o.after

md5:
   01f7b8e1a5472a3056f9e4ae84d46315  ntp.o.before.asm
   01f7b8e1a5472a3056f9e4ae84d46315  ntp.o.after.asm

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>