rbd: define and use rbd_warn()

Define a new function rbd_warn() that produces a boilerplate warning
message, identifying in the resulting message the affected rbd
device in the best way available.  Use it in a few places that now
use pr_warning().

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Mick <dan.mick@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>