ext4 crypto: implement the ext4 encryption write path

Pulls block_write_begin() into fs/ext4/inode.c because it might need
to do a low-level read of the existing data, in which case we need to
decrypt it.

Change-Id: Ib2067d50cb80e9017ccf7016b2e72683ebd4c74a
Signed-off-by: Michael Halcrow <mhalcrow@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ildar Muslukhov <ildarm@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@google.com>