jbd2: fix data-race and null-ptr-deref in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata()

commit af98b0157adf6504fade79b3e6cb260c4ff68e37 upstream.

Since handle->h_transaction may be a NULL pointer, so we should change it
to call is_handle_aborted(handle) first before dereferencing it.

And the following data-race was reported in my fuzzer:

==================================================================
BUG: KCSAN: data-race in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata / jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata

write to 0xffff888011024104 of 4 bytes by task 10881 on cpu 1:
 jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata+0x2a5/0x770 fs/jbd2/transaction.c:1556
 __ext4_handle_dirty_metadata+0xe7/0x4b0 fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c:358
 ext4_do_update_inode fs/ext4/inode.c:5220 [inline]
 ext4_mark_iloc_dirty+0x32c/0xd50 fs/ext4/inode.c:5869
 __ext4_mark_inode_dirty+0xe1/0x450 fs/ext4/inode.c:6074
 ext4_dirty_inode+0x98/0xc0 fs/ext4/inode.c:6103
....

read to 0xffff888011024104 of 4 bytes by task 10880 on cpu 0:
 jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata+0xf2/0x770 fs/jbd2/transaction.c:1512
 __ext4_handle_dirty_metadata+0xe7/0x4b0 fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c:358
 ext4_do_update_inode fs/ext4/inode.c:5220 [inline]
 ext4_mark_iloc_dirty+0x32c/0xd50 fs/ext4/inode.c:5869
 __ext4_mark_inode_dirty+0xe1/0x450 fs/ext4/inode.c:6074
 ext4_dirty_inode+0x98/0xc0 fs/ext4/inode.c:6103
....

value changed: 0x00000000 -> 0x00000001
==================================================================

This issue is caused by missing data-race annotation for jh->b_modified.
Therefore, the missing annotation needs to be added.

Reported-by:  <syzbot+de24c3fe3c4091051710@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=de24c3fe3c4091051710


Fixes: 6e06ae88 ("jbd2: speedup jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata()")
Signed-off-by: Jeongjun Park <aha310510@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250514130855.99010-1-aha310510@gmail.com


Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>