FROMLIST: fuse: Passthrough initialization and release

Implement the FUSE passthrough ioctl that associates the lower
(passthrough) file system file with the fuse_file.

The file descriptor passed to the ioctl by the FUSE daemon is used to
access the relative file pointer, that will be copied to the fuse_file
data structure to consolidate the link between the FUSE and lower file
system.

To enable the passthrough mode, user space triggers the
FUSE_DEV_IOC_PASSTHROUGH_OPEN ioctl and, if the call succeeds, receives
back an identifier that will be used at open/create response time in the
fuse_open_out field to associate the FUSE file to the lower file system
file.
The value returned by the ioctl to user space can be:
- > 0: success, the identifier can be used as part of an open/create
reply.
- <= 0: an error occurred.
The value 0 represents an error to preserve backward compatibility: the
fuse_open_out field that is used to pass the passthrough_fh back to the
kernel uses the same bits that were previously as struct padding, and is
commonly zero-initialized (e.g., in the libfuse implementation).
Removing 0 from the correct values fixes the ambiguity between the case
in which 0 corresponds to a real passthrough_fh, a missing
implementation of FUSE passthrough or a request for a normal FUSE file,
simplifying the user space implementation.

For the passthrough mode to be successfully activated, the lower file
system file must implement both read_iter and write_iter file
operations. This extra check avoids special pseudo files to be targeted
for this feature.
Passthrough comes with another limitation: no further file system
stacking is allowed for those FUSE file systems using passthrough.

Bug: 179164095
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210125153057.3623715-5-balsini@android.com/


Signed-off-by: Alessio Balsini <balsini@android.com>
Change-Id: I4d8290012302fb4547bce9bb261a03cc4f66b5aa
Signed-off-by: Alessio Balsini <balsini@google.com>