usb: extcon: Move to updated API

The extcon_get* APIs now acquire a spinlock, so they cannot be called
in the notifier context as that causes a recursive lock issue. Move
the calls in the dwc3-msm VBUS & ID notifiers to resume_work() so
that speed & orientation can be queried in a worker thread instead.

While at it replace the calls to extcon_get_cable_state_(), which is
now deprecated, with extcon_get_state() and extcon_set_cable_state_()
with extcon_set_state_sync(). Also, as Type-C orientation and speed
indicators can now be supported with per-cable properties, switch to
using those instead of defining custom EXTCON cable types.

Change-Id: I78a487a96cd75fdafdda3debf6bfa8382f96d04b
Signed-off-by: Jack Pham <jackp@codeaurora.org>