libbacktrace: remove exit time destructors.

If libbacktrace is statically linked into a library that interposes
libc, exit-time destructors can lead to a segfault upon exit if static
variables are used after their destruction.

Remove the one use of a static variable (with inconsequential
performance impact of less than 1us per backtrace), and enable
-Wexit-time-destructors to ensure this stays fixed in the future.

Test: mma
Change-Id: Icdaf1cf1c1f166cf501d9ecd1983c44e4305f7e9