Ensure self-managed apps do not need CALL_PHONE to call

Fixing a regression caused by ag/21803375 which caused
CALL_PHONE to be required for an app implementing a
self-managed CS to pass permission checks.

Also adds some unit tests to ensure that we are starting the
call with the correct params.

Bug: 274524370
Test: CtsTelephonyTestCases:SelfManagedConnectionServiceTest
Change-Id: Ifbc784692e0f00cc60257a06f1fd2a9c6017eb55