LeAudio: Improve the debug state dumps and logs

- reduce the number of system calls (dprintf) on dumpsys when accessing
  file descriptor
- make the state dumping functions available in regular debug printing
  without the need for file descriptors (usable for state printing
  during debbugging)
- rearrange and cleanup the LE Audio dumpsys output
- improve some regular logs for readability (incl. mono location)
- indicate codec extensibility status (enabled/disabled)

Bug: 374933885
Test: m -j
Flag: Exempt; No functional changes
Change-Id: I5ba5b54f175df374cc5fdd26e543e75e42ed0844