RootCanal: Harden the implementation for Set Event Filter

panic if the filter type is not CLEAR_ALL_FILTERS
The event filter have a direct impact on the connection
command and event flow, it is not safe to silently ignore
it.

Test: atest pts-bot
Bug: 286588829
Change-Id: I0e8dccfff018cbe42dd0ca99a89de3aa7849148a