leaudio: Fix bad state on remote not going to Configured State

When ASE was reconfigured, and remote did not respond on Codec Configure
request, but instead state machine timeout happens and device got
disconected, the ASE state was not correctly cleared and reconfigure
flag stay On. This broke future Stream configuration.

This patch also fix some minor logging issues around the ASE state.

Bug: 326299571
Test: atest bluetooth_le_audio_test
Flag: Exempt, trivial fix, unit tested
Change-Id: Ibb37bae29d773aa2e2e15a63e30039220b2689c4