[Expressive Design] Migrate Storage settings pages

This change includes -
* Using SettingsLib.CardPreferenceWidget in storage dashboard
* Using material theme color for progress bar

Test: manual
BUG: 349670985
Flag: com.android.settingslib.widget.theme.flags.is_expressive_design_enabled
Change-Id: Ib86ec9d1713316dd3dd3067c2cce87c89e15d9e0