Throw IAE for non-existent sub association query

For user handle association query, if the queried sub id has no records on the device, throw IAE.

Bug: 294125411
Test: Manually sending/receiving SMS/MMS,
    atest com.android.providers.telephony.SmsProviderTest,
    atest com.android.providers.telephony.MmsProviderTest,
    atest com.android.providers.telephony.ProviderUtilTest,
    atest CtsTelephonyProviderTestCases,
    atest CtsTelephonyTestCases
Change-Id: Ie49b8a564f1db2f812f9f0b1ecadee1e8b18c68e