libs/ui: Fix implicit cast in parseEdid()

There is an implicit cast from int to uint32_t in parseEdid. Other than
being unsafe, it will cause an issue when moved to SF/Display (due to
SF's stricter build conditions).

Fix it by statically casting each edid read outcome into a uint32_t.

Bug: 415094050
Flag: EXEMPT refactor
Test: presubmit
Change-Id: I24247ede1bc10bbe9a07fd5cba617b3901ce8f86