Modify layout & rendering translation for ClockView

This has the views in question better report their bounds, which allows
other elements to animate around them correctly as the text is squashed
or expanded. It also corrects a few issues with rendering of the text
during an animation. Previously all of this was handled via canvas
translations. I've also added some utility value types that should help
with clarity of the math, but also avoid making too many allocations
during render/layout.

Bug: 394676792
Bug: 398004673
Test: Manually checked layout & rendering
Flag: com.android.systemui.shared.clock_reactive_variants
Change-Id: Ib46597d76a3cdd5bb08ce208cec9f1a2fe56a729