Extract StateChange and optimize it

This extraction is needed to use "StateChange" in the next cl in the chain, to implement SysUIStateOverrides.

Also this makes it more efficient: instead of using a hashMap, now there are only bit operations.

Existing tests should cover this logic already.

Bug: 362719719
Bug: 398011576
Test: SysUIStateDisplaysInteractorTest
Flag: com.android.systemui.shade_window_goes_around
Change-Id: I42711886085a7bc68b757885df8c2f639f5529e2