Add getSupplementaryAttestationInfo

Allows clients to retrieve information required to interpret certain
attested values found in the attestation certificate.

Currently only relevant for Tag::MODULE_HASH, for which it returns the
encoded structure whose hash ends up in the attestation certificate.

Bug: 369375199
Test: treehugger
API-Coverage-Bug: 378549695
Change-Id: I2bac10ad148279ea3aa3907a982a3e598502c788
Merged-In: I29bb8f9108747a0ed2a1a678811858e8572d285f