[SettingsProvider] fix notify profile cache for clone-from-parent settings

This line was in the wrong place with the wrong params.. It was never an
issue until we refactored the caching mechanism. Fixing it to correctly
notify the profile user's settings caches.

BUG: 284081256
Test: manual with a test app running in the work profile
Change-Id: Ie7b6558e682b7c2d6f6e091e3acc4a63ebc7c5de