Merge "Add InPlaceFunction to mediautils" (f3c94337) · Commits · e / os / android_frameworks_av

media/utils/include/mediautils/InPlaceFunction.h

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		/*
		* Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
		*
		* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
		* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
		* You may obtain a copy of the License at
		*
		* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
		*
		* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
		* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
		* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
		* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
		* limitations under the License.
		*/

		#pragma once

		#include <cstdlib>
		#include <functional>
		#include <memory>
		#include <type_traits>

		namespace android::mediautils {

		namespace detail {
		// Vtable interface for erased types
		template <typename Ret, typename... Args>
		struct ICallableTable {
		// Destroy the erased type
		void (destroy)(void storage) = nullptr;
		// Call the erased object
		Ret (invoke)(void storage, Args...) = nullptr;
		// Note the next two functions only copy object data, not the vptr
		// Copy the erased object to a new InPlaceFunction buffer
		void (copy_to)(const void storage, void* other) = nullptr;
		// Move the erased object to a new InPlaceFunction buffer
		void (move_to)(void storage, void* other) = nullptr;
		};
		} // namespace detail

		// This class is an almost drop-in replacement for std::function which is guaranteed to never
		// allocate, and always holds the type erased functional object in an in-line small buffer of
		// templated size. If the object is too large to hold, the type will fail to instantiate.
		//
		// Two notable differences are:
		// - operator() is not const (unlike std::function where the call operator is
		// const even if the erased type is not const callable). This retains const
		// correctness by default. A workaround is keeping InPlaceFunction mutable.
		// - Moving from an InPlaceFunction leaves the object in a valid state (operator
		// bool remains true), similar to std::optional/std::variant.
		// Calls to the object are still defined (and are equivalent
		// to calling the underlying type after it has been moved from). To opt-out
		// (and/or ensure safety), clearing the object is recommended:
		// func1 = std::move(func2); // func2 still valid (and moved-from) after this line
		// func2 = nullptr; // calling func2 will now abort
		template <typename, size_t BufferSize = 32>
		class InPlaceFunction;
		// We partially specialize to match types which are spelled like functions
		template <typename Ret, typename... Args, size_t BufferSize>
		class InPlaceFunction<Ret(Args...), BufferSize> {
		public:
		// Storage Type Details
		static constexpr size_t Size = BufferSize;
		static constexpr size_t Alignment = alignof(std::max_align_t);
		using Buffer_t = std::aligned_storage_t<Size, Alignment>;
		template <typename T, size_t Other>
		friend class InPlaceFunction;

		private:
		// Callable which is used for empty InPlaceFunction objects (to match the
		// std::function interface).
		struct BadCallable {
		[[noreturn]] Ret operator()(Args...) { std::abort(); }
		};
		static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible_v<BadCallable>);

		// Implementation of vtable interface for erased types.
		// Contains only static vtable instantiated once for each erased type and
		// static helpers.
		template <typename T>
		struct TableImpl {
		// T should be a decayed type
		static_assert(std::is_same_v<T, std::decay_t<T>>);

		// Helper functions to get an unerased reference to the type held in the
		// buffer. std::launder is required to avoid strict aliasing rules.
		// The cast is always defined, as a precondition for these calls is that
		// (exactly) a T was placement new constructed into the buffer.
		constexpr static T& getRef(void* storage) {
		return std::launder(reinterpret_cast<T>(storage));
		}

		constexpr static const T& getRef(const void* storage) {
		return std::launder(reinterpret_cast<const T>(storage));
		}

		// Constexpr implies inline
		constexpr static detail::ICallableTable<Ret, Args...> table = {
		// Stateless lambdas are convertible to function ptrs
		.destroy = [](void* storage) { getRef(storage).~T(); },
		.invoke = [](void* storage, Args... args) -> Ret {
		return std::invoke(getRef(storage), args...);
		},
		.copy_to = [](const void* storage,
		void* other) { ::new (other) T(getRef(storage)); },
		.move_to = [](void* storage,
		void* other) { ::new (other) T(std::move(getRef(storage))); },
		};
		};

		// Check size/align requirements for the T in Buffer_t. We use a templated
		// struct to enable std::conjunction (see below).
		template <typename T>
		struct WillFit : std::integral_constant<bool, sizeof(T) <= Size && alignof(T) <= Alignment> {};

		// Check size/align requirements for a function to function conversion
		template <typename T>
		struct ConversionWillFit
		: std::integral_constant<bool, (T::Size < Size) && (T::Alignment <= Alignment)> {};
		template <typename T>
		struct IsInPlaceFunction : std::false_type {};

		template <size_t BufferSize_>
		struct IsInPlaceFunction<InPlaceFunction<Ret(Args...), BufferSize_>> : std::true_type {};

		// Pred is true iff T is a valid type to construct an InPlaceFunction with
		// We use std::conjunction for readability and short-circuit behavior
		// (checks are ordered).
		// The actual target type is the decay of T.
		template <typename T>
		static constexpr bool Pred = std::conjunction_v<
		std::negation<IsInPlaceFunction<std::decay_t<T>>>, // T is not also an InPlaceFunction
		// of the same signature.
		std::is_invocable_r<Ret, std::decay_t<T>, Args...>, // correct signature callable
		WillFit<std::decay_t<T>> // The target type fits in local storage
		>;

		template <typename T>
		static constexpr bool ConvertibleFunc =
		std::conjunction_v<IsInPlaceFunction<std::decay_t<T>>, // implies correctly invokable
		ConversionWillFit<std::decay_t<T>>>;

		// Members below
		// This must come first for alignment
		Buffer_t storage_;
		const detail::ICallableTable<Ret, Args...>* vptr_;

		constexpr void copy_to(InPlaceFunction& other) const {
		vptr_->copy_to(std::addressof(storage_), std::addressof(other.storage_));
		other.vptr_ = vptr_;
		}

		constexpr void move_to(InPlaceFunction& other) {
		vptr_->move_to(std::addressof(storage_), std::addressof(other.storage_));
		other.vptr_ = vptr_;
		}

		constexpr void destroy() { vptr_->destroy(std::addressof(storage_)); }

		template <typename T, typename Target = std::decay_t<T>>
		constexpr void genericInit(T&& t) {
		vptr_ = &TableImpl<Target>::table;
		::new (std::addressof(storage_)) Target(std::forward<T>(t));
		}

		template <typename T, typename Target = std::decay_t<T>>
		constexpr void convertingInit(T&& smallerFunc) {
		// Redundant, but just in-case
		static_assert(Target::Size < Size && Target::Alignment <= Alignment);
		if constexpr (std::is_lvalue_reference_v<T>) {
		smallerFunc.vptr_->copy_to(std::addressof(smallerFunc.storage_),
		std::addressof(storage_));
		} else {
		smallerFunc.vptr_->move_to(std::addressof(smallerFunc.storage_),
		std::addressof(storage_));
		}
		vptr_ = smallerFunc.vptr_;
		}

		public:
		// Public interface
		template <typename T, std::enable_if_t<Pred<T>>* = nullptr>
		constexpr InPlaceFunction(T&& t) {
		genericInit(std::forward<T>(t));
		}

		// Conversion from smaller functions.
		template <typename T, std::enable_if_t<ConvertibleFunc<T>>* = nullptr>
		constexpr InPlaceFunction(T&& t) {
		convertingInit(std::forward<T>(t));
		}

		constexpr InPlaceFunction(const InPlaceFunction& other) { other.copy_to(*this); }

		constexpr InPlaceFunction(InPlaceFunction&& other) { other.move_to(*this); }

		// Making functions default constructible has pros and cons, we will align
		// with the standard
		constexpr InPlaceFunction() : InPlaceFunction(BadCallable{}) {}

		constexpr InPlaceFunction(std::nullptr_t) : InPlaceFunction(BadCallable{}) {}
		#if __cplusplus >= 202002L
		constexpr
		#endif
		~InPlaceFunction() {
		destroy();
		}

		// The std::function call operator is marked const, but this violates const
		// correctness. We deviate from the standard and do not mark the operator as
		// const. Collections of InPlaceFunctions should probably be mutable.
		constexpr Ret operator()(Args... args) {
		return vptr_->invoke(std::addressof(storage_), args...);
		}

		constexpr InPlaceFunction& operator=(const InPlaceFunction& other) {
		if (std::addressof(other) == this) return *this;
		destroy();
		other.copy_to(*this);
		return *this;
		}

		constexpr InPlaceFunction& operator=(InPlaceFunction&& other) {
		if (std::addressof(other) == this) return *this;
		destroy();
		other.move_to(*this);
		return *this;
		}

		template <typename T, std::enable_if_t<Pred<T>>* = nullptr>
		constexpr InPlaceFunction& operator=(T&& t) {
		// We can't assign to ourselves, since T is a different type
		destroy();
		genericInit(std::forward<T>(t));
		return *this;
		}

		// Explicitly defining this function saves a move/dtor
		template <typename T, std::enable_if_t<ConvertibleFunc<T>>* = nullptr>
		constexpr InPlaceFunction& operator=(T&& t) {
		// We can't assign to ourselves, since T is different type
		destroy();
		convertingInit(std::forward<T>(t));
		return *this;
		}

		constexpr InPlaceFunction& operator=(std::nullptr_t) { return operator=(BadCallable{}); }

		// Moved from InPlaceFunctions are still considered valid (similar to
		// std::optional). If using std::move on a function object explicitly, it is
		// recommended that the object is reset using nullptr.
		constexpr explicit operator bool() const { return vptr_ != &TableImpl<BadCallable>::table; }

		constexpr void swap(InPlaceFunction& other) {
		if (std::addressof(other) == this) return;
		InPlaceFunction tmp{std::move(other)};
		other.destroy();
		move_to(other);
		destroy();
		tmp.move_to(*this);
		}

		friend constexpr void swap(InPlaceFunction& lhs, InPlaceFunction& rhs) { lhs.swap(rhs); }
		};

		} // namespace android::mediautils

media/utils/tests/Android.bp

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		@@ -192,3 +192,13 @@ cc_test {
		"extended_accumulator_tests.cpp",
		],
		}

		cc_test {
		name: "inplace_function_tests",

		defaults: ["libmediautils_tests_defaults"],

		srcs: [
		"inplace_function_tests.cpp"
		],
		}

media/utils/tests/inplace_function_tests.cpp

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		/*
		* Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
		*
		* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
		* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
		* You may obtain a copy of the License at
		*
		* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
		*
		* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
		* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
		* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
		* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
		* limitations under the License.
		*/

		#define LOG_TAG "inplace_function_tests"

		#include <mediautils/InPlaceFunction.h>

		#include <type_traits>

		#include <gtest/gtest.h>
		#include <log/log.h>

		using namespace android;
		using namespace android::mediautils;

		struct BigCallable {
		BigCallable(size_t* x, size_t val1, size_t val2) : ptr(x), a(val1), b(val2) {}
		size_t* ptr;
		size_t a;
		size_t b;
		size_t operator()(size_t input) const {
		ptr += a 100 + b * 10 + input;
		return 8;
		}
		};

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, Basic) {
		size_t x = 5;
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t)> func;
		{
		BigCallable test{&x, 2, 3};
		func = test;
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(func(2), 8ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(x, 232ull + 5);
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, Invalid) {
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t)> func;
		EXPECT_TRUE(!func);
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t)> func2{nullptr};
		EXPECT_TRUE(!func2);
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t)> func3 = [](size_t x) { return x; };
		EXPECT_TRUE(!(!func3));
		func3 = nullptr;
		EXPECT_TRUE(!func3);
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, MultiArg) {
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t, size_t, size_t)> func = [](size_t a, size_t b, size_t c) {
		return a + b + c;
		};
		EXPECT_EQ(func(2, 3, 5), 2ull + 3 + 5);
		}
		struct Record {
		Record(size_t m, size_t c, size_t d) : move_called(m), copy_called(c), dtor_called(d) {}
		Record() {}
		size_t move_called = 0;
		size_t copy_called = 0;
		size_t dtor_called = 0;
		friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Record& record) {
		return os << "Record, moves: " << record.move_called << ", copies: " << record.copy_called
		<< ", dtor: " << record.dtor_called << '\n';
		}
		};

		bool operator==(const Record& lhs, const Record& rhs) {
		return lhs.move_called == rhs.move_called && lhs.copy_called == rhs.copy_called &&
		lhs.dtor_called == rhs.dtor_called;
		}

		struct Noisy {
		Record& ref;
		size_t state;
		Noisy(Record& record, size_t val) : ref(record), state(val) {}
		Noisy(const Noisy& other) : ref(other.ref), state(other.state) { ref.copy_called++; }

		Noisy(Noisy&& other) : ref(other.ref), state(other.state) { ref.move_called++; }
		~Noisy() { ref.dtor_called++; }

		size_t operator()() { return state; }
		};

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, CtorForwarding) {
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		Record record2;
		Noisy noisy2{record2, 13};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func2{std::move(noisy2)};
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(1, 0, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 13ull);
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, FunctionCtorForwarding) {
		{
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func2{func};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 17ull);
		}
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 13};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 13ull);
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func2{std::move(func)};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 13ull);
		// We expect moved from functions to still be valid
		EXPECT_TRUE(!(!func));
		EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<bool>(func), static_cast<bool>(func2));
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 13ull);
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, Dtor) {
		Record record;
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func;
		{
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		func = noisy;
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 1ull);
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 2ull);
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, Assignment) {
		{
		Record record;
		Record record2;
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		Noisy noisy2{record2, 5};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 0ull);
		func = noisy2;
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 1ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 5ull);
		}
		{
		Record record;
		Record record2;
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		Noisy noisy2{record2, 5};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 0ull);
		func = std::move(noisy2);
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 1ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(1, 0, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 5ull);
		}

		{
		Record record;
		Record record2;
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		Noisy noisy2{record2, 13};
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func2{noisy2};
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 0ull);
		func = func2;
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 1ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 13ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(0, 2, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(func2));
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 13ull);
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(0, 2, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		}

		{
		Record record;
		Record record2;
		Noisy noisy{record, 17};
		Noisy noisy2{record2, 13};
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func{noisy};
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 17ull);
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func2{noisy2};
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 0ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		func = std::move(func2);
		EXPECT_EQ(record.dtor_called, 1ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(func(), 13ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(1, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		// Moved from function is still valid
		EXPECT_TRUE(static_cast<bool>(func2));
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 13ull);
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(1, 1, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		}
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, Swap) {
		Record record1;
		Record record2;
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func1 = Noisy{record1, 5};
		InPlaceFunction<size_t()> func2 = Noisy{record2, 7};
		EXPECT_EQ(record1, Record(1, 0, 1)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(1, 0, 1)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func1(), 5ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 7ull);
		func1.swap(func2);
		EXPECT_EQ(record1, Record(2, 0, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		// An additional move and destroy into the temporary object
		EXPECT_EQ(record2, Record(3, 0, 3)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func1(), 7ull);
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), 5ull);
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, Conversion) {
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 15};
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 16> func2 = noisy;
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32> func{func2};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), func());
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 1)); // move, copy, dtor
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, ConversionMove) {
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 15};
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 16> func2 = noisy;
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32> func{std::move(func2)};
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), func());
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 1)); // move, copy, dtor
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, ConversionAssign) {
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 15};
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32> func;
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 16> func2 = noisy;
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		func = func2;
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), func());
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 1)); // move, copy, dtor
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 2, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		}

		TEST(InPlaceFunctionTests, ConversionAssignMove) {
		Record record;
		Noisy noisy{record, 15};
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32> func;
		{
		InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 16> func2 = noisy;
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(0, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		func = std::move(func2);
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 0)); // move, copy, dtor
		EXPECT_EQ(func2(), func());
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 1)); // move, copy, dtor
		}
		EXPECT_EQ(record, Record(1, 1, 2)); // move, copy, dtor
		}

		template <class T, class U, class = void>
		struct can_assign : std::false_type {};

		template <class T, class U>
		struct can_assign<T, U, typename std::void_t<decltype(T().operator=(U()))>> : std::true_type {};

		template <class From, class To, bool Expected>
		static constexpr bool Convertible =
		(can_assign<To, From>::value ==
		std::is_constructible_v<To, From>)&&(std::is_constructible_v<To, From> == Expected);

		struct TooBig {
		std::array<uint64_t, 5> big = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
		size_t operator()() { return static_cast<size_t>(big[0] + big[1] + big[2] + big[3] + big[4]); }
		};
		static_assert(sizeof(TooBig) == 40);
		struct NotCallable {};
		struct WrongArg {
		void operator()(NotCallable) {}
		};
		struct WrongRet {
		NotCallable operator()(size_t) { return NotCallable{}; }
		};

		static_assert(Convertible<InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, true>);
		static_assert(
		Convertible<InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t), 32>, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, false>);
		static_assert(Convertible<InPlaceFunction<void(), 32>, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, false>);
		static_assert(Convertible<TooBig, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, false>);
		static_assert(Convertible<TooBig, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 40>, true>);
		static_assert(Convertible<NotCallable, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 40>, false>);
		static_assert(Convertible<WrongArg, InPlaceFunction<void(size_t), 40>, false>);
		static_assert(Convertible<WrongRet, InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t), 40>, false>);
		// Void returning functions are modelled by any return type
		static_assert(Convertible<WrongRet, InPlaceFunction<void(size_t), 40>, true>);

		// Check constructibility/assignability from smaller function types
		static_assert(Convertible<InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 24>, false>);
		static_assert(Convertible<InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 40>, true>);
		static_assert(
		Convertible<InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, InPlaceFunction<size_t(size_t), 40>, false>);
		static_assert(
		Convertible<InPlaceFunction<size_t(), 32>, InPlaceFunction<NotCallable(), 40>, false>);