Reland "Migrate buildinfo.sh script into Soong"

To build system.img in Soong, we need all artifacts including
build.prop. This fully migrates buildinfo.prop file into Soong as a
first step to build build.prop on Soong.

This fixes an error caused by an incorrect path to build thumbprint
file.

Bug: 322090587
Test: compare build.prop before and after
Test: build multiple times and see build.prop isn't rebuilt
Change-Id: Id4fa830009538856c30825ff47268b11fa6cb5d6