Log phone id for debugging multi SIM devices

Some telephony classes like GsmCdmaPhone, ImsPhone, etc. are created
per slot in multi SIM devices. It is better to output phone id for
debugging multi SIM devices.

Test: manual - Verified that some logs are output with phone id, run
telephony unit tests
Bug: 69657265
Change-Id: I174e1bc67e436e131a2a7a0abc0585c7d69598a3