aaudio test: test hang in error callback

Call illegal functions that should return an error
but can hang if a race condition is forced.

This test also verifies that the error callback
is not running after the close() is finished.

Bug: 184370309
Test: Manual test. Enter:
Test:     adb shell test_disconnect_race
Test: Then plug/unplug headphones as directed.

Change-Id: I75f2d94329cd1b29cc3e6d275907172a7d7ac592