crypto: doc - convert crypto API documentation to Sphinx

With the conversion of the kernel crypto API DocBook to Sphinx, the
monolithic document is broken up into individual documents. The
documentation is unchanged with the exception of a slight reordering to
keep the individual document parts self-contained.

Signed-off-by: Stephan Mueller <smueller@chronox.de>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>