diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index e1d5c17c12c22663d9df80925e4b7872bd53d6aa..9eb4b77114994877b247c1d165f3920f680cc7e6 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ # Top-level generic files # tags +TAGS vmlinux* System.map Module.symvers diff --git a/CREDITS b/CREDITS index 5329ead9c672f3f3f4a891c9d00929ca2af434f1..8218e790f43d33d2c754df8f149b56ef7c19b816 100644 --- a/CREDITS +++ b/CREDITS @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ S: Longford, Ireland S: Sydney, Australia N: Tigran A. Aivazian -E: tigran@veritas.com +E: tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk W: http://www.moses.uklinux.net/patches D: BFS filesystem D: Intel IA32 CPU microcode update support @@ -1808,6 +1808,14 @@ S: Kruislaan 419 S: 1098 VA Amsterdam S: The Netherlands +N: Jiri Kosina +E: jikos@jikos.cz +E: jkosina@suse.cz +D: Generic HID layer - original code split, fixes +D: Various ACPI fixes, keeping correct battery state through suspend +D: various lockdep annotations, autofs and other random bugfixes +S: Prague, Czech Republic + N: Gene Kozin E: 74604.152@compuserve.com W: http://www.sangoma.com @@ -2598,6 +2606,9 @@ S: Ucitelska 1576 S: Prague 8 S: 182 00 Czech Republic +N: Rick Payne +D: RFC2385 Support for TCP + N: Barak A. Pearlmutter E: bap@cs.unm.edu W: http://www.cs.unm.edu/~bap/ @@ -3511,14 +3522,12 @@ D: The Linux Support Team Erlangen N: David Weinehall E: tao@acc.umu.se +P: 1024D/DC47CA16 7ACE 0FB0 7A74 F994 9B36 E1D1 D14E 8526 DC47 CA16 W: http://www.acc.umu.se/~tao/ -W: http://www.acc.umu.se/~mcalinux/ +D: v2.0 kernel maintainer D: Fixes for the NE/2-driver D: Miscellaneous MCA-support D: Cleanup of the Config-files -S: Axtorpsvagen 40:20 -S: S-903 37 UMEA -S: Sweden N: Matt Welsh E: mdw@metalab.unc.edu diff --git a/Documentation/00-INDEX b/Documentation/00-INDEX index 02457ec9c94fe27ec74dc943186283137774e232..f08ca953573392ec710a27db0f7f87f14ad54527 100644 --- a/Documentation/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/00-INDEX @@ -104,8 +104,6 @@ firmware_class/ - request_firmware() hotplug interface info. floppy.txt - notes and driver options for the floppy disk driver. -ftape.txt - - notes about the floppy tape device driver. hayes-esp.txt - info on using the Hayes ESP serial driver. highuid.txt diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/debugfs-pktcdvd b/Documentation/ABI/testing/debugfs-pktcdvd new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..03dbd883cc41599211cb1c462fc126352112bb3a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/debugfs-pktcdvd @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +What: /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7] +Date: Oct. 2006 +KernelVersion: 2.6.19 +Contact: Thomas Maier +Description: + +debugfs interface +----------------- + +The pktcdvd module (packet writing driver) creates +these files in debugfs: + +/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/ + info (0444) Lots of human readable driver + statistics and infos. Multiple lines! + +Example: +------- + +cat /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0/info diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-pktcdvd b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-pktcdvd new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c4c55edc9a5c9ca7f5eaa6441049360ad5813017 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-pktcdvd @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +What: /sys/class/pktcdvd/ +Date: Oct. 2006 +KernelVersion: 2.6.19 +Contact: Thomas Maier +Description: + +sysfs interface +--------------- + +The pktcdvd module (packet writing driver) creates +these files in the sysfs: +( is in format major:minor ) + +/sys/class/pktcdvd/ + add (0200) Write a block device id (major:minor) + to create a new pktcdvd device and map + it to the block device. + + remove (0200) Write the pktcdvd device id (major:minor) + to it to remove the pktcdvd device. + + device_map (0444) Shows the device mapping in format: + pktcdvd[0-7] + +/sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/ + dev (0444) Device id + uevent (0200) To send an uevent. + +/sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/stat/ + packets_started (0444) Number of started packets. + packets_finished (0444) Number of finished packets. + + kb_written (0444) kBytes written. + kb_read (0444) kBytes read. + kb_read_gather (0444) kBytes read to fill write packets. + + reset (0200) Write any value to it to reset + pktcdvd device statistic values, like + bytes read/written. + +/sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/write_queue/ + size (0444) Contains the size of the bio write + queue. + + congestion_off (0644) If bio write queue size is below + this mark, accept new bio requests + from the block layer. + + congestion_on (0644) If bio write queue size is higher + as this mark, do no longer accept + bio write requests from the block + layer and wait till the pktcdvd + device has processed enough bio's + so that bio write queue size is + below congestion off mark. + A value of <= 0 disables congestion + control. + + +Example: +-------- +To use the pktcdvd sysfs interface directly, you can do: + +# create a new pktcdvd device mapped to /dev/hdc +echo "22:0" >/sys/class/pktcdvd/add +cat /sys/class/pktcdvd/device_map +# assuming device pktcdvd0 was created, look at stat's +cat /sys/class/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0/stat/kb_written +# print the device id of the mapped block device +fgrep pktcdvd0 /sys/class/pktcdvd/device_map +# remove device, using pktcdvd0 device id 253:0 +echo "253:0" >/sys/class/pktcdvd/remove diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-power b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-power index d882f8093871386f03ab63c6cc2b820adb2610e6..dcff4d0623add0e7708c642d0cfe210b0c1f48ab 100644 --- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-power +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-power @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Description: these states. What: /sys/power/disk -Date: August 2006 +Date: September 2006 Contact: Rafael J. Wysocki Description: The /sys/power/disk file controls the operating mode of the @@ -39,6 +39,19 @@ Description: 'reboot' - the memory image will be saved by the kernel and the system will be rebooted. + Additionally, /sys/power/disk can be used to turn on one of the + two testing modes of the suspend-to-disk mechanism: 'testproc' + or 'test'. If the suspend-to-disk mechanism is in the + 'testproc' mode, writing 'disk' to /sys/power/state will cause + the kernel to disable nonboot CPUs and freeze tasks, wait for 5 + seconds, unfreeze tasks and enable nonboot CPUs. If it is in + the 'test' mode, writing 'disk' to /sys/power/state will cause + the kernel to disable nonboot CPUs and freeze tasks, shrink + memory, suspend devices, wait for 5 seconds, resume devices, + unfreeze tasks and enable nonboot CPUs. Then, we are able to + look in the log messages and work out, for example, which code + is being slow and which device drivers are misbehaving. + The suspend-to-disk method may be chosen by writing to this file one of the accepted strings: @@ -46,6 +59,8 @@ Description: 'platform' 'shutdown' 'reboot' + 'testproc' + 'test' It will only change to 'firmware' or 'platform' if the system supports that. diff --git a/Documentation/Changes b/Documentation/Changes index abee7f58c1ed6b2c374aa0483c06f86a5a260512..73a8617f1861754198c18c5e7285da95358994fe 100644 --- a/Documentation/Changes +++ b/Documentation/Changes @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ udev ---- udev is a userspace application for populating /dev dynamically with only entries for devices actually present. udev replaces the basic -functionality of devfs, while allowing persistant device naming for +functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for devices. FUSE diff --git a/Documentation/CodingStyle b/Documentation/CodingStyle index 29c18966b0502c3489e1058bd361db50a6c07686..0ad6dcb5d45ffd0f9f7e5ae1d64044afa51b1b8b 100644 --- a/Documentation/CodingStyle +++ b/Documentation/CodingStyle @@ -35,12 +35,37 @@ In short, 8-char indents make things easier to read, and have the added benefit of warning you when you're nesting your functions too deep. Heed that warning. +The preferred way to ease multiple indentation levels in a switch statement is +to align the "switch" and its subordinate "case" labels in the same column +instead of "double-indenting" the "case" labels. E.g.: + + switch (suffix) { + case 'G': + case 'g': + mem <<= 30; + break; + case 'M': + case 'm': + mem <<= 20; + break; + case 'K': + case 'k': + mem <<= 10; + /* fall through */ + default: + break; + } + + Don't put multiple statements on a single line unless you have something to hide: if (condition) do_this; do_something_everytime; +Don't put multiple assignments on a single line either. Kernel coding style +is super simple. Avoid tricky expressions. + Outside of comments, documentation and except in Kconfig, spaces are never used for indentation, and the above example is deliberately broken. @@ -69,7 +94,7 @@ void fun(int a, int b, int c) next_statement; } - Chapter 3: Placing Braces + Chapter 3: Placing Braces and Spaces The other issue that always comes up in C styling is the placement of braces. Unlike the indent size, there are few technical reasons to @@ -81,6 +106,20 @@ brace last on the line, and put the closing brace first, thusly: we do y } +This applies to all non-function statement blocks (if, switch, for, +while, do). E.g.: + + switch (action) { + case KOBJ_ADD: + return "add"; + case KOBJ_REMOVE: + return "remove"; + case KOBJ_CHANGE: + return "change"; + default: + return NULL; + } + However, there is one special case, namely functions: they have the opening brace at the beginning of the next line, thus: @@ -121,6 +160,49 @@ supply of new-lines on your screen is not a renewable resource (think 25-line terminal screens here), you have more empty lines to put comments on. + 3.1: Spaces + +Linux kernel style for use of spaces depends (mostly) on +function-versus-keyword usage. Use a space after (most) keywords. The +notable exceptions are sizeof, typeof, alignof, and __attribute__, which look +somewhat like functions (and are usually used with parentheses in Linux, +although they are not required in the language, as in: "sizeof info" after +"struct fileinfo info;" is declared). + +So use a space after these keywords: + if, switch, case, for, do, while +but not with sizeof, typeof, alignof, or __attribute__. E.g., + s = sizeof(struct file); + +Do not add spaces around (inside) parenthesized expressions. This example is +*bad*: + + s = sizeof( struct file ); + +When declaring pointer data or a function that returns a pointer type, the +preferred use of '*' is adjacent to the data name or function name and not +adjacent to the type name. Examples: + + char *linux_banner; + unsigned long long memparse(char *ptr, char **retptr); + char *match_strdup(substring_t *s); + +Use one space around (on each side of) most binary and ternary operators, +such as any of these: + + = + - < > * / % | & ^ <= >= == != ? : + +but no space after unary operators: + & * + - ~ ! sizeof typeof alignof __attribute__ defined + +no space before the postfix increment & decrement unary operators: + ++ -- + +no space after the prefix increment & decrement unary operators: + ++ -- + +and no space around the '.' and "->" structure member operators. + Chapter 4: Naming @@ -152,7 +234,7 @@ variable that is used to hold a temporary value. If you are afraid to mix up your local variable names, you have another problem, which is called the function-growth-hormone-imbalance syndrome. -See next chapter. +See chapter 6 (Functions). Chapter 5: Typedefs @@ -258,6 +340,20 @@ generally easily keep track of about 7 different things, anything more and it gets confused. You know you're brilliant, but maybe you'd like to understand what you did 2 weeks from now. +In source files, separate functions with one blank line. If the function is +exported, the EXPORT* macro for it should follow immediately after the closing +function brace line. E.g.: + +int system_is_up(void) +{ + return system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_is_up); + +In function prototypes, include parameter names with their data types. +Although this is not required by the C language, it is preferred in Linux +because it is a simple way to add valuable information for the reader. + Chapter 7: Centralized exiting of functions @@ -306,16 +402,36 @@ time to explain badly written code. Generally, you want your comments to tell WHAT your code does, not HOW. Also, try to avoid putting comments inside a function body: if the function is so complex that you need to separately comment parts of it, -you should probably go back to chapter 5 for a while. You can make +you should probably go back to chapter 6 for a while. You can make small comments to note or warn about something particularly clever (or ugly), but try to avoid excess. Instead, put the comments at the head of the function, telling people what it does, and possibly WHY it does it. -When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kerneldoc format. +When commenting the kernel API functions, please use the kernel-doc format. See the files Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt and scripts/kernel-doc for details. +Linux style for comments is the C89 "/* ... */" style. +Don't use C99-style "// ..." comments. + +The preferred style for long (multi-line) comments is: + + /* + * This is the preferred style for multi-line + * comments in the Linux kernel source code. + * Please use it consistently. + * + * Description: A column of asterisks on the left side, + * with beginning and ending almost-blank lines. + */ + +It's also important to comment data, whether they are basic types or derived +types. To this end, use just one data declaration per line (no commas for +multiple data declarations). This leaves you room for a small comment on each +item, explaining its use. + + Chapter 9: You've made a mess of it That's OK, we all do. You've probably been told by your long-time Unix @@ -591,4 +707,4 @@ Kernel CodingStyle, by greg@kroah.com at OLS 2002: http://www.kroah.com/linux/talks/ols_2002_kernel_codingstyle_talk/html/ -- -Last updated on 30 April 2006. +Last updated on 2006-December-06. diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt index 2ffb0d62f0fe3ed8156586505b7faf1efe1c33ce..805db4b2cba65b65bd966f054c71ca13427f9287 100644 --- a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt +++ b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ To get this part of the dma_ API, you must #include Many drivers need lots of small dma-coherent memory regions for DMA descriptors or I/O buffers. Rather than allocating in units of a page or more using dma_alloc_coherent(), you can use DMA pools. These work -much like a kmem_cache_t, except that they use the dma-coherent allocator +much like a struct kmem_cache, except that they use the dma-coherent allocator not __get_free_pages(). Also, they understand common hardware constraints for alignment, like queue heads needing to be aligned on N byte boundaries. @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ The pool create() routines initialize a pool of dma-coherent buffers for use with a given device. It must be called in a context which can sleep. -The "name" is for diagnostics (like a kmem_cache_t name); dev and size +The "name" is for diagnostics (like a struct kmem_cache name); dev and size are like what you'd pass to dma_alloc_coherent(). The device's hardware alignment requirement for this type of data is "align" (which is expressed in bytes, and must be a power of two). If your device has no boundary @@ -431,10 +431,10 @@ be identical to those passed in (and returned by dma_alloc_noncoherent()). int -dma_is_consistent(dma_addr_t dma_handle) +dma_is_consistent(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle) -returns true if the memory pointed to by the dma_handle is actually -consistent. +returns true if the device dev is performing consistent DMA on the memory +area pointed to by the dma_handle. int dma_get_cache_alignment(void) @@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ anything like this. You must also be extra careful about accessing memory you intend to sync partially. void -dma_cache_sync(void *vaddr, size_t size, +dma_cache_sync(struct device *dev, void *vaddr, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction direction) Do a partial sync of memory that was allocated by @@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ size is the size of the area (must be multiples of PAGE_SIZE). flags can be or'd together and are DMA_MEMORY_MAP - request that the memory returned from -dma_alloc_coherent() be directly writeable. +dma_alloc_coherent() be directly writable. DMA_MEMORY_IO - request that the memory returned from dma_alloc_coherent() be addressable using read/write/memcpy_toio etc. diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt b/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt index 705f6be92bdbf934a1171f291ac8b3b631d670c3..e767805b4182826acc049e29a183ec5109c4a39e 100644 --- a/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt +++ b/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ lock. Once the DMA transfer is finished (or timed out) you should disable the channel again. You should also check get_dma_residue() to make -sure that all data has been transfered. +sure that all data has been transferred. Example: diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile index 66e1cf733571ccc4122dcc745bf9c713ee6559b6..36526a1e76d753e83bc752acf584e93d5db2f0b5 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ DOCBOOKS := wanbook.xml z8530book.xml mcabook.xml videobook.xml \ kernel-hacking.xml kernel-locking.xml deviceiobook.xml \ procfs-guide.xml writing_usb_driver.xml \ - kernel-api.xml journal-api.xml lsm.xml usb.xml \ + kernel-api.xml filesystems.xml lsm.xml usb.xml \ gadget.xml libata.xml mtdnand.xml librs.xml rapidio.xml \ genericirq.xml @@ -190,9 +190,13 @@ quiet_cmd_fig2png = FIG2PNG $@ ### # Help targets as used by the top-level makefile dochelp: - @echo ' Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats:' - @echo ' xmldocs (XML DocBook), psdocs (Postscript), pdfdocs (PDF)' - @echo ' htmldocs (HTML), mandocs (man pages, use installmandocs to install)' + @echo ' Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats:' + @echo ' htmldocs - HTML' + @echo ' installmandocs - install man pages generated by mandocs' + @echo ' mandocs - man pages' + @echo ' pdfdocs - PDF' + @echo ' psdocs - Postscript' + @echo ' xmldocs - XML DocBook' ### # Temporary files left by various tools diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/journal-api.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/filesystems.tmpl similarity index 78% rename from Documentation/DocBook/journal-api.tmpl rename to Documentation/DocBook/filesystems.tmpl index 2077f9a28c191bdba263271e649f015485052926..39fa2aba7f9b141d13912d04994ebc4335499000 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/journal-api.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/filesystems.tmpl @@ -2,39 +2,11 @@ - + - The Linux Journalling API - - - Roger - Gammans - -
- rgammans@computer-surgery.co.uk -
- - - - - - - Stephen - Tweedie - -
- sct@redhat.com -
- - - + Linux Filesystems API - - 2002 - Roger Gammans - - - + This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public @@ -42,21 +14,21 @@ version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. - + This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. - + You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA - + For more details see the file COPYING in the source distribution of Linux. @@ -66,17 +38,113 @@ - + + The Linux VFS + The Filesystem types +!Iinclude/linux/fs.h + + The Directory Cache +!Efs/dcache.c +!Iinclude/linux/dcache.h + + Inode Handling +!Efs/inode.c +!Efs/bad_inode.c + + Registration and Superblocks +!Efs/super.c + + File Locks +!Efs/locks.c +!Ifs/locks.c + + Other Functions +!Efs/mpage.c +!Efs/namei.c +!Efs/buffer.c +!Efs/bio.c +!Efs/seq_file.c +!Efs/filesystems.c +!Efs/fs-writeback.c +!Efs/block_dev.c + + + + + The proc filesystem + + sysctl interface +!Ekernel/sysctl.c + + + proc filesystem interface +!Ifs/proc/base.c + + + + + The Filesystem for Exporting Kernel Objects +!Efs/sysfs/file.c +!Efs/sysfs/symlink.c +!Efs/sysfs/bin.c + + + + The debugfs filesystem + + debugfs interface +!Efs/debugfs/inode.c +!Efs/debugfs/file.c + + + + + + The Linux Journalling API + + + + Roger + Gammans + +
+ rgammans@computer-surgery.co.uk +
+ + + + + + + Stephen + Tweedie + +
+ sct@redhat.com +
+ + + + + + 2002 + Roger Gammans + + + + The Linux Journalling API + + Overview - + Details -The journalling layer is easy to use. You need to +The journalling layer is easy to use. You need to first of all create a journal_t data structure. There are two calls to do this dependent on how you decide to allocate the physical -media on which the journal resides. The journal_init_inode() call +media on which the journal resides. The journal_init_inode() call is for journals stored in filesystem inodes, or the journal_init_dev() -call can be use for journal stored on a raw device (in a continuous range +call can be use for journal stored on a raw device (in a continuous range of blocks). A journal_t is a typedef for a struct pointer, so when you are finally finished make sure you call journal_destroy() on it to free up any used kernel memory. @@ -91,27 +159,26 @@ need to call journal_create(). Most of the time however your journal file will already have been created, but before you load it you must call journal_wipe() to empty the journal file. -Hang on, you say , what if the filesystem wasn't cleanly umount()'d . Well, it is the +Hang on, you say , what if the filesystem wasn't cleanly umount()'d . Well, it is the job of the client file system to detect this and skip the call to journal_wipe(). In either case the next call should be to journal_load() which prepares the -journal file for use. Note that journal_wipe(..,0) calls journal_skip_recovery() +journal file for use. Note that journal_wipe(..,0) calls journal_skip_recovery() for you if it detects any outstanding transactions in the journal and similarly journal_load() will call journal_recover() if necessary. I would advise reading fs/ext3/super.c for examples on this stage. -[RGG: Why is the journal_wipe() call necessary - doesn't this needlessly -complicate the API. Or isn't a good idea for the journal layer to hide +[RGG: Why is the journal_wipe() call necessary - doesn't this needlessly +complicate the API. Or isn't a good idea for the journal layer to hide dirty mounts from the client fs] -Now you can go ahead and start modifying the underlying +Now you can go ahead and start modifying the underlying filesystem. Almost. - You still need to actually journal your filesystem changes, this @@ -138,10 +205,10 @@ individual buffers (blocks). Before you start to modify a buffer you need to call journal_get_{create,write,undo}_access() as appropriate, this allows the journalling layer to copy the unmodified data if it needs to. After all the buffer may be part of a previously uncommitted -transaction. +transaction. At this point you are at last ready to modify a buffer, and once you are have done so you need to call journal_dirty_{meta,}data(). -Or if you've asked for access to a buffer you now know is now longer +Or if you've asked for access to a buffer you now know is now longer required to be pushed back on the device you can call journal_forget() in much the same way as you might have used bforget() in the past. @@ -156,7 +223,6 @@ Then at umount time , in your put_super() (2.4) or write_super() (2.5) you can then call journal_destroy() to clean up your in-core journal object. - Unfortunately there a couple of ways the journal layer can cause a deadlock. The first thing to note is that each task can only have @@ -164,19 +230,19 @@ a single outstanding transaction at any one time, remember nothing commits until the outermost journal_stop(). This means you must complete the transaction at the end of each file/inode/address etc. operation you perform, so that the journalling system isn't re-entered -on another journal. Since transactions can't be nested/batched +on another journal. Since transactions can't be nested/batched across differing journals, and another filesystem other than yours (say ext3) may be modified in a later syscall. -The second case to bear in mind is that journal_start() can -block if there isn't enough space in the journal for your transaction +The second case to bear in mind is that journal_start() can +block if there isn't enough space in the journal for your transaction (based on the passed nblocks param) - when it blocks it merely(!) needs to -wait for transactions to complete and be committed from other tasks, -so essentially we are waiting for journal_stop(). So to avoid +wait for transactions to complete and be committed from other tasks, +so essentially we are waiting for journal_stop(). So to avoid deadlocks you must treat journal_start/stop() as if they -were semaphores and include them in your semaphore ordering rules to prevent +were semaphores and include them in your semaphore ordering rules to prevent deadlocks. Note that journal_extend() has similar blocking behaviour to journal_start() so you can deadlock here just as easily as on journal_start(). @@ -184,7 +250,7 @@ journal_start() so you can deadlock here just as easily as on journal_start(). Try to reserve the right number of blocks the first time. ;-). This will be the maximum number of blocks you are going to touch in this transaction. -I advise having a look at at least ext3_jbd.h to see the basis on which +I advise having a look at at least ext3_jbd.h to see the basis on which ext3 uses to make these decisions. @@ -193,13 +259,13 @@ Another wriggle to watch out for is your on-disk block allocation strategy. why? Because, if you undo a delete, you need to ensure you haven't reused any of the freed blocks in a later transaction. One simple way of doing this is make sure any blocks you allocate only have checkpointed transactions -listed against them. Ext3 does this in ext3_test_allocatable(). +listed against them. Ext3 does this in ext3_test_allocatable(). Lock is also providing through journal_{un,}lock_updates(), ext3 uses this when it wants a window with a clean and stable fs for a moment. -eg. +eg. @@ -230,19 +296,19 @@ extend it like this:- struct journal_callback for_jbd; // Stuff for myfs allocated together. myfs_inode* i_commited; - + } -this would be useful if you needed to know when data was committed to a +this would be useful if you needed to know when data was committed to a particular inode. - + - -Summary + + Summary Using the journal is a matter of wrapping the different context changes, being each mount, each modification (transaction) and each changed buffer @@ -260,15 +326,15 @@ an example. if (clean) journal_wipe(); journal_load(); - foreach(transaction) { /*transactions must be + foreach(transaction) { /*transactions must be completed before - a syscall returns to + a syscall returns to userspace*/ handle_t * xct=journal_start(my_jnrl); foreach(bh) { journal_get_{create,write,undo}_access(xact,bh); - if ( myfs_modify(bh) ) { /* returns true + if ( myfs_modify(bh) ) { /* returns true if makes changes */ journal_dirty_{meta,}data(xact,bh); } else { @@ -279,55 +345,57 @@ an example. } journal_destroy(my_jrnl); - + - + - + Data Types - + The journalling layer uses typedefs to 'hide' the concrete definitions of the structures used. As a client of the JBD layer you can just rely on the using the pointer as a magic cookie of some sort. - + Obviously the hiding is not enforced as this is 'C'. - - Structures + + Structures !Iinclude/linux/jbd.h - - + + - + Functions - + The functions here are split into two groups those that affect a journal as a whole, and those which are used to manage transactions - - Journal Level + + Journal Level !Efs/jbd/journal.c !Ifs/jbd/recovery.c - - Transasction Level -!Efs/jbd/transaction.c - - - + + Transasction Level +!Efs/jbd/transaction.c + + + See also - + - Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem,LinuxExpo 98, Stephen Tweedie + Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem, LinuxExpo 98, Stephen Tweedie - - - + + + - Ext3 Journalling FileSystem , OLS 2000, Dr. Stephen Tweedie + Ext3 Journalling FileSystem, OLS 2000, Dr. Stephen Tweedie - - + + + + diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl index 2b5ac604948c8b4a80e46735d279117490a95409..3fa0c4b4541e065760a3c119e88d314ba3b6ee91 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl @@ -182,66 +182,6 @@ X!Ilib/string.c - - The Linux VFS - The Filesystem types -!Iinclude/linux/fs.h - - The Directory Cache -!Efs/dcache.c -!Iinclude/linux/dcache.h - - Inode Handling -!Efs/inode.c -!Efs/bad_inode.c - - Registration and Superblocks -!Efs/super.c - - File Locks -!Efs/locks.c -!Ifs/locks.c - - Other Functions -!Efs/mpage.c -!Efs/namei.c -!Efs/buffer.c -!Efs/bio.c -!Efs/seq_file.c -!Efs/filesystems.c -!Efs/fs-writeback.c -!Efs/block_dev.c - - - - - The proc filesystem - - sysctl interface -!Ekernel/sysctl.c - - - proc filesystem interface -!Ifs/proc/base.c - - - - - The Filesystem for Exporting Kernel Objects -!Efs/sysfs/file.c -!Efs/sysfs/symlink.c -!Efs/sysfs/bin.c - - - - The debugfs filesystem - - debugfs interface -!Efs/debugfs/inode.c -!Efs/debugfs/file.c - - - relay interface support @@ -478,9 +418,35 @@ X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c !Idrivers/parport/daisy.c - - Video4Linux -!Edrivers/media/video/videodev.c + + Message-based devices + Fusion message devices +!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c +!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c +!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c +!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c +!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptctl.c +!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptspi.c +!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptfc.c +!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptlan.c + + I2O message devices +!Iinclude/linux/i2o.h +!Idrivers/message/i2o/core.h +!Edrivers/message/i2o/iop.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/iop.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/config-osm.c +!Edrivers/message/i2o/exec-osm.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/exec-osm.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/bus-osm.c +!Edrivers/message/i2o/device.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/device.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/driver.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/pci.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/i2o_block.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/i2o_scsi.c +!Idrivers/message/i2o/i2o_proc.c + @@ -593,4 +559,12 @@ X!Idrivers/video/console/fonts.c --> + + + Input Subsystem +!Iinclude/linux/input.h +!Edrivers/input/input.c +!Edrivers/input/ff-core.c +!Edrivers/input/ff-memless.c + diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/writing_usb_driver.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/writing_usb_driver.tmpl index 07cd34c1940b446a41ae0eb8f2f7d76698670f65..d4188d4ff5356902b93e9f19d10a78b82df3c813 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/writing_usb_driver.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/writing_usb_driver.tmpl @@ -345,8 +345,7 @@ static inline void skel_delete (struct usb_skel *dev) usb_buffer_free (dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_size, dev->bulk_out_buffer, dev->write_urb->transfer_dma); - if (dev->write_urb != NULL) - usb_free_urb (dev->write_urb); + usb_free_urb (dev->write_urb); kfree (dev); } diff --git a/Documentation/HOWTO b/Documentation/HOWTO index d6f3dd1a3464f0cd6950e1c6dcecc4f7bcb6c84f..8d51c148f72117b707792a65c9c5ad025364a03a 100644 --- a/Documentation/HOWTO +++ b/Documentation/HOWTO @@ -395,6 +395,26 @@ bugme-janitor mailing list (every change in the bugzilla is mailed here) +Managing bug reports +-------------------- + +One of the best ways to put into practice your hacking skills is by fixing +bugs reported by other people. Not only you will help to make the kernel +more stable, you'll learn to fix real world problems and you will improve +your skills, and other developers will be aware of your presence. Fixing +bugs is one of the best ways to get merits among other developers, because +not many people like wasting time fixing other people's bugs. + +To work in the already reported bug reports, go to http://bugzilla.kernel.org. +If you want to be advised of the future bug reports, you can subscribe to the +bugme-new mailing list (only new bug reports are mailed here) or to the +bugme-janitor mailing list (every change in the bugzilla is mailed here) + + http://lists.osdl.org/mailman/listinfo/bugme-new + http://lists.osdl.org/mailman/listinfo/bugme-janitors + + + Mailing lists ------------- diff --git a/Documentation/IPMI.txt b/Documentation/IPMI.txt index 0e3924ecd76b4e9b197348d656712fee80a2691d..24dc3fcf15948e8a9ed93043cf46c0e81f929c36 100644 --- a/Documentation/IPMI.txt +++ b/Documentation/IPMI.txt @@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ You can change this at module load time (for a module) with: regshifts=,,... slave_addrs=,,... force_kipmid=,,... + unload_when_empty=[0|1] Each of these except si_trydefaults is a list, the first item for the first interface, second item for the second interface, etc. @@ -416,6 +417,11 @@ by the driver, but systems with broken interrupts might need an enable, or users that don't want the daemon (don't need the performance, don't want the CPU hit) can disable it. +If unload_when_empty is set to 1, the driver will be unloaded if it +doesn't find any interfaces or all the interfaces fail to work. The +default is one. Setting to 0 is useful with the hotmod, but is +obviously only useful for modules. + When compiled into the kernel, the parameters can be specified on the kernel command line as: @@ -441,6 +447,25 @@ have high-res timers enabled in the kernel and you don't have interrupts enabled, the driver will run VERY slowly. Don't blame me, these interfaces suck. +The driver supports a hot add and remove of interfaces. This way, +interfaces can be added or removed after the kernel is up and running. +This is done using /sys/modules/ipmi_si/hotmod, which is a write-only +parameter. You write a string to this interface. The string has the +format: + [:op2[:op3...]] +The "op"s are: + add|remove,kcs|bt|smic,mem|i/o,
[,[,[,...]]] +You can specify more than one interface on the line. The "opt"s are: + rsp= + rsi= + rsh= + irq= + ipmb= +and these have the same meanings as discussed above. Note that you +can also use this on the kernel command line for a more compact format +for specifying an interface. Note that when removing an interface, +only the first three parameters (si type, address type, and address) +are used for the comparison. Any options are ignored for removing. The SMBus Driver ---------------- @@ -502,7 +527,10 @@ used to control it: modprobe ipmi_watchdog timeout= pretimeout= action= preaction= preop= start_now=x - nowayout=x + nowayout=x ifnum_to_use=n + +ifnum_to_use specifies which interface the watchdog timer should use. +The default is -1, which means to pick the first one registered. The timeout is the number of seconds to the action, and the pretimeout is the amount of seconds before the reset that the pre-timeout panic will @@ -624,5 +652,9 @@ command line. The parameter is also available via the proc filesystem in /proc/sys/dev/ipmi/poweroff_powercycle. Note that if the system does not support power cycling, it will always do the power off. +The "ifnum_to_use" parameter specifies which interface the poweroff +code should use. The default is -1, which means to pick the first one +registered. + Note that if you have ACPI enabled, the system will prefer using ACPI to power off. diff --git a/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt index c70306abb7b2e2c4fc306bdc70447b47c9e9878e..d389388c733e6c718f87de37a885132af6519930 100644 --- a/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt @@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ into the field vector of each element contained in a second argument. Note that the pre-assigned IOAPIC dev->irq is valid only if the device operates in PIN-IRQ assertion mode. In MSI-X mode, any attempt at using dev->irq by the device driver to request for interrupt service -may result unpredictabe behavior. +may result in unpredictable behavior. For each MSI-X vector granted, a device driver is responsible for calling other functions like request_irq(), enable_irq(), etc. to enable @@ -470,7 +470,68 @@ LOC: 324553 325068 ERR: 0 MIS: 0 -6. FAQ +6. MSI quirks + +Several PCI chipsets or devices are known to not support MSI. +The PCI stack provides 3 possible levels of MSI disabling: +* on a single device +* on all devices behind a specific bridge +* globally + +6.1. Disabling MSI on a single device + +Under some circumstances, it might be required to disable MSI on a +single device, It may be achived by either not calling pci_enable_msi() +or all, or setting the pci_dev->no_msi flag before (most of the time +in a quirk). + +6.2. Disabling MSI below a bridge + +The vast majority of MSI quirks are required by PCI bridges not +being able to route MSI between busses. In this case, MSI have to be +disabled on all devices behind this bridge. It is achieves by setting +the PCI_BUS_FLAGS_NO_MSI flag in the pci_bus->bus_flags of the bridge +subordinate bus. There is no need to set the same flag on bridges that +are below the broken brigde. When pci_enable_msi() is called to enable +MSI on a device, pci_msi_supported() takes care of checking the NO_MSI +flag in all parent busses of the device. + +Some bridges actually support dynamic MSI support enabling/disabling +by changing some bits in their PCI configuration space (especially +the Hypertransport chipsets such as the nVidia nForce and Serverworks +HT2000). It may then be required to update the NO_MSI flag on the +corresponding devices in the sysfs hierarchy. To enable MSI support +on device "0000:00:0e", do: + + echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:0e/msi_bus + +To disable MSI support, echo 0 instead of 1. Note that it should be +used with caution since changing this value might break interrupts. + +6.3. Disabling MSI globally + +Some extreme cases may require to disable MSI globally on the system. +For now, the only known case is a Serverworks PCI-X chipsets (MSI are +not supported on several busses that are not all connected to the +chipset in the Linux PCI hierarchy). In the vast majority of other +cases, disabling only behind a specific bridge is enough. + +For debugging purpose, the user may also pass pci=nomsi on the kernel +command-line to explicitly disable MSI globally. But, once the appro- +priate quirks are added to the kernel, this option should not be +required anymore. + +6.4. Finding why MSI cannot be enabled on a device + +Assuming that MSI are not enabled on a device, you should look at +dmesg to find messages that quirks may output when disabling MSI +on some devices, some bridges or even globally. +Then, lspci -t gives the list of bridges above a device. Reading +/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:0e/msi_bus will tell you whether MSI +are enabled (1) or disabled (0). In 0 is found in a single bridge +msi_bus file above the device, MSI cannot be enabled. + +7. FAQ Q1. Are there any limitations on using the MSI? diff --git a/Documentation/SubmitChecklist b/Documentation/SubmitChecklist index 7ac61f60037af81905aad58a39d70152f333eb82..2270efa101530f8f1de58e951d9c7b4a1f6969d0 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmitChecklist +++ b/Documentation/SubmitChecklist @@ -66,3 +66,9 @@ kernel patches. See Documentation/ABI/README for more information. 20: Check that it all passes `make headers_check'. + +21: Has been checked with injection of at least slab and page-allocation + fauilures. See Documentation/fault-injection/. + + If the new code is substantial, addition of subsystem-specific fault + injection might be appropriate. diff --git a/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c b/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c index b11792abd6b616d56754edcc9b940a519f7a36fb..e9126e794ed7c04c19c42fb318dd36295d8806da 100644 --- a/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c +++ b/Documentation/accounting/getdelays.c @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ * Copyright (C) Balbir Singh, IBM Corp. 2006 * Copyright (c) Jay Lan, SGI. 2006 * + * Compile with + * gcc -I/usr/src/linux/include getdelays.c -o getdelays */ #include @@ -35,13 +37,20 @@ #define NLA_DATA(na) ((void *)((char*)(na) + NLA_HDRLEN)) #define NLA_PAYLOAD(len) (len - NLA_HDRLEN) -#define err(code, fmt, arg...) do { printf(fmt, ##arg); exit(code); } while (0) -int done = 0; -int rcvbufsz=0; - - char name[100]; -int dbg=0, print_delays=0; +#define err(code, fmt, arg...) \ + do { \ + fprintf(stderr, fmt, ##arg); \ + exit(code); \ + } while (0) + +int done; +int rcvbufsz; +char name[100]; +int dbg; +int print_delays; +int print_io_accounting; __u64 stime, utime; + #define PRINTF(fmt, arg...) { \ if (dbg) { \ printf(fmt, ##arg); \ @@ -49,7 +58,7 @@ __u64 stime, utime; } /* Maximum size of response requested or message sent */ -#define MAX_MSG_SIZE 256 +#define MAX_MSG_SIZE 1024 /* Maximum number of cpus expected to be specified in a cpumask */ #define MAX_CPUS 32 /* Maximum length of pathname to log file */ @@ -78,8 +87,9 @@ static int create_nl_socket(int protocol) if (rcvbufsz) if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &rcvbufsz, sizeof(rcvbufsz)) < 0) { - printf("Unable to set socket rcv buf size to %d\n", - rcvbufsz); + fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set socket rcv buf size " + "to %d\n", + rcvbufsz); return -1; } @@ -186,6 +196,15 @@ void print_delayacct(struct taskstats *t) "count", "delay total", t->swapin_count, t->swapin_delay_total); } +void print_ioacct(struct taskstats *t) +{ + printf("%s: read=%llu, write=%llu, cancelled_write=%llu\n", + t->ac_comm, + (unsigned long long)t->read_bytes, + (unsigned long long)t->write_bytes, + (unsigned long long)t->cancelled_write_bytes); +} + int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int c, rc, rep_len, aggr_len, len2, cmd_type; @@ -208,7 +227,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) struct msgtemplate msg; while (1) { - c = getopt(argc, argv, "dw:r:m:t:p:v:l"); + c = getopt(argc, argv, "diw:r:m:t:p:v:l"); if (c < 0) break; @@ -217,6 +236,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) printf("print delayacct stats ON\n"); print_delays = 1; break; + case 'i': + printf("printing IO accounting\n"); + print_io_accounting = 1; + break; case 'w': strncpy(logfile, optarg, MAX_FILENAME); printf("write to file %s\n", logfile); @@ -238,14 +261,12 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) if (!tid) err(1, "Invalid tgid\n"); cmd_type = TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID; - print_delays = 1; break; case 'p': tid = atoi(optarg); if (!tid) err(1, "Invalid pid\n"); cmd_type = TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID; - print_delays = 1; break; case 'v': printf("debug on\n"); @@ -277,7 +298,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) mypid = getpid(); id = get_family_id(nl_sd); if (!id) { - printf("Error getting family id, errno %d", errno); + fprintf(stderr, "Error getting family id, errno %d\n", errno); goto err; } PRINTF("family id %d\n", id); @@ -288,7 +309,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) &cpumask, strlen(cpumask) + 1); PRINTF("Sent register cpumask, retval %d\n", rc); if (rc < 0) { - printf("error sending register cpumask\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "error sending register cpumask\n"); goto err; } } @@ -298,7 +319,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) cmd_type, &tid, sizeof(__u32)); PRINTF("Sent pid/tgid, retval %d\n", rc); if (rc < 0) { - printf("error sending tid/tgid cmd\n"); + fprintf(stderr, "error sending tid/tgid cmd\n"); goto done; } } @@ -310,13 +331,15 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) PRINTF("received %d bytes\n", rep_len); if (rep_len < 0) { - printf("nonfatal reply error: errno %d\n", errno); + fprintf(stderr, "nonfatal reply error: errno %d\n", + errno); continue; } if (msg.n.nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR || !NLMSG_OK((&msg.n), rep_len)) { struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(&msg); - printf("fatal reply error, errno %d\n", err->error); + fprintf(stderr, "fatal reply error, errno %d\n", + err->error); goto done; } @@ -356,6 +379,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) count++; if (print_delays) print_delayacct((struct taskstats *) NLA_DATA(na)); + if (print_io_accounting) + print_ioacct((struct taskstats *) NLA_DATA(na)); if (fd) { if (write(fd, NLA_DATA(na), na->nla_len) < 0) { err(1,"write error\n"); @@ -365,7 +390,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) goto done; break; default: - printf("Unknown nested nla_type %d\n", na->nla_type); + fprintf(stderr, "Unknown nested" + " nla_type %d\n", + na->nla_type); break; } len2 += NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len); @@ -374,7 +401,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) break; default: - printf("Unknown nla_type %d\n", na->nla_type); + fprintf(stderr, "Unknown nla_type %d\n", + na->nla_type); break; } na = (struct nlattr *) (GENLMSG_DATA(&msg) + len); diff --git a/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt b/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt index 92ebf29e9041cef2b68fc0c3c33698f8558ff085..ff06b738bb88065b28f6006c7a6381d5af7d57dd 100644 --- a/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt +++ b/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt @@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ a) TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_PID/TGID : attribute containing no payload but indicates a pid/tgid will be followed by some stats. b) TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID/TGID: attribute whose payload is the pid/tgid whose stats -is being returned. +are being returned. -c) TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS: attribute with a struct taskstsats as payload. The +c) TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS: attribute with a struct taskstats as payload. The same structure is used for both per-pid and per-tgid stats. 3. New message sent by kernel whenever a task exits. The payload consists of a @@ -122,12 +122,12 @@ of atomicity). However, maintaining per-process, in addition to per-task stats, within the kernel has space and time overheads. To address this, the taskstats code -accumalates each exiting task's statistics into a process-wide data structure. -When the last task of a process exits, the process level data accumalated also +accumulates each exiting task's statistics into a process-wide data structure. +When the last task of a process exits, the process level data accumulated also gets sent to userspace (along with the per-task data). When a user queries to get per-tgid data, the sum of all other live threads in -the group is added up and added to the accumalated total for previously exited +the group is added up and added to the accumulated total for previously exited threads of the same thread group. Extending taskstats diff --git a/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt b/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt index e2a66f8143c5c63b0b780ee13fc1069b87c82011..a598fe10a2974f5757761df5ab8f7f98c5c5f84a 100644 --- a/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt +++ b/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt @@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ very similar behavior to the deadline IO scheduler. Selecting IO schedulers ----------------------- To choose IO schedulers at boot time, use the argument 'elevator=deadline'. -'noop' and 'as' (the default) are also available. IO schedulers are assigned -globally at boot time only presently. +'noop', 'as' and 'cfq' (the default) are also available. IO schedulers are +assigned globally at boot time only presently. It's also possible to change +the IO scheduler for a determined device on the fly, as described in +Documentation/block/switching-sched.txt. Anticipatory IO scheduler Policies diff --git a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt index 34bf8f60d8f827a9b83f27747c265a27fe38928d..c6c9a9c10d7f88b5f894990e45878acadbb2ea64 100644 --- a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt +++ b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ it, the pci dma mapping routines and associated data structures have now been modified to accomplish a direct page -> bus translation, without requiring a virtual address mapping (unlike the earlier scheme of virtual address -> bus translation). So this works uniformly for high-memory pages (which -do not have a correponding kernel virtual address space mapping) and +do not have a corresponding kernel virtual address space mapping) and low-memory pages. Note: Please refer to DMA-mapping.txt for a discussion on PCI high mem DMA @@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ forced such requests to be broken up into small chunks before being passed on to the generic block layer, only to be merged by the i/o scheduler when the underlying device was capable of handling the i/o in one shot. Also, using the buffer head as an i/o structure for i/os that didn't originate -from the buffer cache unecessarily added to the weight of the descriptors +from the buffer cache unnecessarily added to the weight of the descriptors which were generated for each such chunk. The following were some of the goals and expectations considered in the @@ -403,14 +403,14 @@ i. Should be appropriate as a descriptor for both raw and buffered i/o - for raw i/o. ii. Ability to represent high-memory buffers (which do not have a virtual address mapping in kernel address space). -iii.Ability to represent large i/os w/o unecessarily breaking them up (i.e +iii.Ability to represent large i/os w/o unnecessarily breaking them up (i.e greater than PAGE_SIZE chunks in one shot) iv. At the same time, ability to retain independent identity of i/os from different sources or i/o units requiring individual completion (e.g. for latency reasons) v. Ability to represent an i/o involving multiple physical memory segments (including non-page aligned page fragments, as specified via readv/writev) - without unecessarily breaking it up, if the underlying device is capable of + without unnecessarily breaking it up, if the underlying device is capable of handling it. vi. Preferably should be based on a memory descriptor structure that can be passed around different types of subsystems or layers, maybe even @@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ Characteristics: i. Binary tree AS and deadline i/o schedulers use red black binary trees for disk position sorting and searching, and a fifo linked list for time-based searching. This -gives good scalability and good availablility of information. Requests are +gives good scalability and good availability of information. Requests are almost always dispatched in disk sort order, so a cache is kept of the next request in sort order to prevent binary tree lookups. diff --git a/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt b/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt index 3d44c561fe6d935c868bc2d6a4755452cb56c1a1..7715d2247c4de4cf01045a7f46ce9ce5bf36a7a4 100644 --- a/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt +++ b/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt @@ -90,6 +90,41 @@ Notes to create an ext2 filesystem on the disc. +Using the pktcdvd sysfs interface +--------------------------------- + +Since Linux 2.6.19, the pktcdvd module has a sysfs interface +and can be controlled by it. For example the "pktcdvd" tool uses +this interface. (see http://people.freenet.de/BalaGi#pktcdvd ) + +"pktcdvd" works similar to "pktsetup", e.g.: + + # pktcdvd -a dev_name /dev/hdc + # mkudffs /dev/pktcdvd/dev_name + # mount -t udf -o rw,noatime /dev/pktcdvd/dev_name /dvdram + # cp files /dvdram + # umount /dvdram + # pktcdvd -r dev_name + + +For a description of the sysfs interface look into the file: + + Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-pktcdvd + + +Using the pktcdvd debugfs interface +----------------------------------- + +To read pktcdvd device infos in human readable form, do: + + # cat /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/info + +For a description of the debugfs interface look into the file: + + Documentation/ABI/testing/debugfs-pktcdvd + + + Links ----- diff --git a/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt b/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt index 9188337d8f6b8f2b3ee852463c72494164dfb398..babce13150265f173fc32dfa72ce1b91cf234afd 100644 --- a/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt +++ b/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -The cpufreq-nforce2 driver changes the FSB on nVidia nForce2 plattforms. +The cpufreq-nforce2 driver changes the FSB on nVidia nForce2 platforms. -This works better than on other plattforms, because the FSB of the CPU +This works better than on other platforms, because the FSB of the CPU can be controlled independently from the PCI/AGP clock. The module has two options: diff --git a/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt b/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt index bc107cb157a8bba060ce65bb9ded734bfbdd15a8..cc60d29b954cd394ccd1eba1c27b06bfc049302d 100644 --- a/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt +++ b/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ maxcpus=n Restrict boot time cpus to n. Say if you have 4 cpus, using maxcpus=2 will only boot 2. You can choose to bring the other cpus later online, read FAQ's for more info. -additional_cpus*=n Use this to limit hotpluggable cpus. This option sets +additional_cpus=n (*) Use this to limit hotpluggable cpus. This option sets cpu_possible_map = cpu_present_map + additional_cpus (*) Option valid only for following architectures @@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ additional_cpus*=n Use this to limit hotpluggable cpus. This option sets ia64 and x86_64 use the number of disabled local apics in ACPI tables MADT to determine the number of potentially hot-pluggable cpus. The implementation -should only rely on this to count the #of cpus, but *MUST* not rely on the -apicid values in those tables for disabled apics. In the event BIOS doesnt +should only rely on this to count the # of cpus, but *MUST* not rely on the +apicid values in those tables for disabled apics. In the event BIOS doesn't mark such hot-pluggable cpus as disabled entries, one could use this parameter "additional_cpus=x" to represent those cpus in the cpu_possible_map. @@ -101,15 +101,15 @@ cpu_possible_map/for_each_possible_cpu() to iterate. Never use anything other than cpumask_t to represent bitmap of CPUs. -#include + #include -for_each_possible_cpu - Iterate over cpu_possible_map -for_each_online_cpu - Iterate over cpu_online_map -for_each_present_cpu - Iterate over cpu_present_map -for_each_cpu_mask(x,mask) - Iterate over some random collection of cpu mask. + for_each_possible_cpu - Iterate over cpu_possible_map + for_each_online_cpu - Iterate over cpu_online_map + for_each_present_cpu - Iterate over cpu_present_map + for_each_cpu_mask(x,mask) - Iterate over some random collection of cpu mask. -#include -lock_cpu_hotplug() and unlock_cpu_hotplug(): + #include + lock_cpu_hotplug() and unlock_cpu_hotplug(): The above calls are used to inhibit cpu hotplug operations. While holding the cpucontrol mutex, cpu_online_map will not change. If you merely need to avoid @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ will work as long as stop_machine_run() is used to take a cpu down. CPU Hotplug - Frequently Asked Questions. -Q: How to i enable my kernel to support CPU hotplug? +Q: How to enable my kernel to support CPU hotplug? A: When doing make defconfig, Enable CPU hotplug support "Processor type and Features" -> Support for Hotpluggable CPUs @@ -141,39 +141,39 @@ A: You should now notice an entry in sysfs. Check if sysfs is mounted, using the "mount" command. You should notice an entry as shown below in the output. -.... -none on /sys type sysfs (rw) -.... + .... + none on /sys type sysfs (rw) + .... -if this is not mounted, do the following. +If this is not mounted, do the following. -#mkdir /sysfs -#mount -t sysfs sys /sys + #mkdir /sysfs + #mount -t sysfs sys /sys -now you should see entries for all present cpu, the following is an example +Now you should see entries for all present cpu, the following is an example in a 8-way system. -#pwd -#/sys/devices/system/cpu -#ls -l -total 0 -drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 . -drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Sep 19 07:45 .. -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu0 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu1 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu2 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu3 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu4 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu5 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu6 -drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:48 cpu7 + #pwd + #/sys/devices/system/cpu + #ls -l + total 0 + drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 . + drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Sep 19 07:45 .. + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu0 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu1 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu2 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu3 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu4 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu5 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:44 cpu6 + drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Sep 19 07:48 cpu7 Under each directory you would find an "online" file which is the control file to logically online/offline a processor. Q: Does hot-add/hot-remove refer to physical add/remove of cpus? A: The usage of hot-add/remove may not be very consistently used in the code. -CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG enables logical online/offline capability in the kernel. +CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU enables logical online/offline capability in the kernel. To support physical addition/removal, one would need some BIOS hooks and the platform should have something like an attention button in PCI hotplug. CONFIG_ACPI_HOTPLUG_CPU enables ACPI support for physical add/remove of CPUs. @@ -181,17 +181,17 @@ CONFIG_ACPI_HOTPLUG_CPU enables ACPI support for physical add/remove of CPUs. Q: How do i logically offline a CPU? A: Do the following. -#echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online + #echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online -once the logical offline is successful, check +Once the logical offline is successful, check -#cat /proc/interrupts + #cat /proc/interrupts -you should now not see the CPU that you removed. Also online file will report +You should now not see the CPU that you removed. Also online file will report the state as 0 when a cpu if offline and 1 when its online. -#To display the current cpu state. -#cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online + #To display the current cpu state. + #cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online Q: Why cant i remove CPU0 on some systems? A: Some architectures may have some special dependency on a certain CPU. @@ -234,8 +234,8 @@ Q: If i have some kernel code that needs to be aware of CPU arrival and departure, how to i arrange for proper notification? A: This is what you would need in your kernel code to receive notifications. - #include - static int __cpuinit foobar_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb, + #include + static int __cpuinit foobar_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb, unsigned long action, void *hcpu) { unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu; @@ -279,10 +279,10 @@ Q: I don't see my action being called for all CPUs already up and running? A: Yes, CPU notifiers are called only when new CPUs are on-lined or offlined. If you need to perform some action for each cpu already in the system, then - for_each_online_cpu(i) { + for_each_online_cpu(i) { foobar_cpu_callback(&foobar_cpu_notifier, CPU_UP_PREPARE, i); - foobar_cpu_callback(&foobar-cpu_notifier, CPU_ONLINE, i); - } + foobar_cpu_callback(&foobar_cpu_notifier, CPU_ONLINE, i); + } Q: If i would like to develop cpu hotplug support for a new architecture, what do i need at a minimum? @@ -307,38 +307,38 @@ Q: I need to ensure that a particular cpu is not removed when there is some work specific to this cpu is in progress. A: First switch the current thread context to preferred cpu - int my_func_on_cpu(int cpu) - { - cpumask_t saved_mask, new_mask = CPU_MASK_NONE; - int curr_cpu, err = 0; - - saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed; - cpu_set(cpu, new_mask); - err = set_cpus_allowed(current, new_mask); - - if (err) - return err; - - /* - * If we got scheduled out just after the return from - * set_cpus_allowed() before running the work, this ensures - * we stay locked. - */ - curr_cpu = get_cpu(); - - if (curr_cpu != cpu) { - err = -EAGAIN; - goto ret; - } else { - /* - * Do work : But cant sleep, since get_cpu() disables preempt - */ - } - ret: - put_cpu(); - set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask); - return err; - } + int my_func_on_cpu(int cpu) + { + cpumask_t saved_mask, new_mask = CPU_MASK_NONE; + int curr_cpu, err = 0; + + saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed; + cpu_set(cpu, new_mask); + err = set_cpus_allowed(current, new_mask); + + if (err) + return err; + + /* + * If we got scheduled out just after the return from + * set_cpus_allowed() before running the work, this ensures + * we stay locked. + */ + curr_cpu = get_cpu(); + + if (curr_cpu != cpu) { + err = -EAGAIN; + goto ret; + } else { + /* + * Do work : But cant sleep, since get_cpu() disables preempt + */ + } + ret: + put_cpu(); + set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask); + return err; + } Q: How do we determine how many CPUs are available for hotplug. diff --git a/Documentation/devices.txt b/Documentation/devices.txt index 28c4f79662c2a84b05361d02f429b075e346380d..8de132a02ba952867020a846229b0818ee73d214 100644 --- a/Documentation/devices.txt +++ b/Documentation/devices.txt @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Maintained by Torben Mathiasen - Last revised: 15 May 2006 + Last revised: 29 November 2006 This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating @@ -92,8 +92,9 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen. 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen. - 10 = /dev/aio Asyncronous I/O notification interface + 10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's + 1 block RAM disk 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk 1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk @@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on demand. - + 2 block Floppy disks 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect @@ -257,7 +258,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents ... 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents - + NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access. 7 block Loopback devices @@ -411,7 +412,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture 208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller 209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver - 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer + 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer 211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface 212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device 213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device @@ -506,6 +507,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port + 14 block BIOS harddrive callback support {2.6} 0 = /dev/dos_hda First BIOS harddrive whole disk 64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS harddrive whole disk @@ -527,6 +529,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 16 char Non-SCSI scanners 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner + 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM @@ -548,6 +551,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port ... 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port + 19 block "Double" compressed disk 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk ... @@ -563,6 +567,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0 ... 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31 + 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development) 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM @@ -582,7 +587,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC. Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks - (see major number 3). + (see major number 3). 22 char Digiboard serial card 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port @@ -591,7 +596,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) - + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first interface (see major number 3). @@ -639,6 +644,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber {2.6} 0 = /dev/wvisfgrab Quanta WinVision frame grabber + 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1 @@ -670,6 +676,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks + 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1 @@ -681,6 +688,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory + 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari) 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer @@ -690,6 +698,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3 + 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari) 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk @@ -750,6 +759,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 31 char MPU-401 MIDI 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port + 31 block ROM/flash memory card 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw) ... @@ -801,7 +811,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) - + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first interface (see major number 3). @@ -818,6 +828,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed + 35 block Slow memory ramdisk 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk @@ -828,6 +839,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device ... 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device + 36 block MCA ESDI hard disk 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk @@ -882,6 +894,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber {2.6} 0 = /dev/mmetfgrab Matrox Meteor frame grabber + 40 block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive 0 = /dev/eza Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk @@ -893,6 +906,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor + 41 block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM 0 = /dev/bpcd BackPack CD-ROM @@ -901,6 +915,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. the parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM driver at major number 46. 42 char Demo/sample use + 42 block Demo/sample use This number is intended for use in sample code, as @@ -918,6 +933,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem ... 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem + 43 block Network block devices 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device @@ -934,12 +950,13 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0 ... 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63 + 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device ... - 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device + 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE disks (see major number 3) except that the partition @@ -958,6 +975,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface + 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk @@ -1044,6 +1062,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card + 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller 0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk 8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk @@ -1093,7 +1112,8 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001 - 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eigth controller + + 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk ... @@ -1130,6 +1150,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1 ... + 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager 59 char sf firewall package @@ -1149,6 +1170,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE + 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not assigned official numbers, these ranges should be @@ -1434,7 +1456,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem @@ -1450,13 +1471,12 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1 ... - 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eigth controller + 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk ... @@ -1466,7 +1486,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera @@ -1679,7 +1698,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/dcxx1 Second capture card ... - 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage + 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage 0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major 1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1 2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2 @@ -1695,7 +1714,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file - ... + ... 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape @@ -1705,7 +1724,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind ... - 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer + 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer 0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer ... @@ -1900,7 +1919,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/av1 Second A/V card ... -111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eigth controller +111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk ... @@ -1937,7 +1956,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM - 0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM 1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM ... @@ -2059,11 +2077,12 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 119 char VMware virtual network control - 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network - 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network + 0 = /dev/vmnet0 1st virtual network + 1 = /dev/vmnet1 2nd virtual network ... 120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE + 120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not assigned official numbers, these ranges should be @@ -2075,7 +2094,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. nodes; instead they should be accessed through the /dev/ptmx cloning interface. - 128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143) 0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk @@ -2087,7 +2105,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159) 0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk @@ -2123,7 +2140,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207) 0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk @@ -2135,7 +2151,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223) 0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk @@ -2147,7 +2162,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239) 0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk @@ -2159,7 +2173,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255) 0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk @@ -2171,7 +2184,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on partitions is 15. - 136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY @@ -2384,6 +2396,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 159 char RESERVED + 159 block RESERVED 160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB) @@ -2427,7 +2440,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on - partitions is 31. + partitions is 31. 162 char Raw block device interface 0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device @@ -2483,7 +2496,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire) - 172 char Moxa Intellio serial card 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port @@ -2543,9 +2555,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de) 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD) - 67 = /dev/usb/adutux0 1st Ontrak ADU device - ... - 76 = /dev/usb/adutux10 10th Ontrak ADU device 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device ... 111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device @@ -2558,7 +2567,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device 133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device ... - 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eigth SISUSB VGA device + 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eighth SISUSB VGA device 144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device 160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device ... @@ -2571,7 +2580,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 0 = /dev/uba First USB block device 8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device 16 = /dev/ubc Third USB block device - ... + ... 181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock @@ -2657,7 +2666,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device ... ... - 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device + 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device ... 195 char Nvidia graphics devices @@ -2795,6 +2804,10 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15 186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation + 187 = /dev/ttyUL0 Xilinx uartlite - port 0 + ... + 190 = /dev/ttyUL3 Xilinx uartlite - port 3 + 191 = /dev/xvc0 Xen virtual console - port 0 205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device) 0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0 @@ -2832,7 +2845,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0 83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1 - 206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices 0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0 1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0 @@ -2922,7 +2934,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem - 0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card 1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card 2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused) @@ -3008,9 +3019,9 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal ... -229 char IBM iSeries virtual console - 0 = /dev/iseries/vtty0 First console port - 1 = /dev/iseries/vtty1 Second console port +229 char IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console + 0 = /dev/hvc0 First console port + 1 = /dev/hvc1 Second console port ... 230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape @@ -3083,12 +3094,14 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 234-239 UNASSIGNED 240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE + 240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not assigned official numbers, these ranges should be used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments. 255 char RESERVED + 255 block RESERVED This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a @@ -3115,7 +3128,20 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver 0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver - +257 block SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem + 0 = /dev/ssfdca First SSFDC layer + 8 = /dev/ssfdcb Second SSFDC layer + 16 = /dev/ssfdcc Third SSFDC layer + 24 = /dev/ssfdcd 4th SSFDC layer + 32 = /dev/ssfdce 5th SSFDC layer + 40 = /dev/ssfdcf 6th SSFDC layer + 48 = /dev/ssfdcg 7th SSFDC layer + 56 = /dev/ssfdch 8th SSFDC layer + +258 block ROM/Flash read-only translation layer + 0 = /dev/blockrom0 First ROM card's translation layer interface + 1 = /dev/blockrom1 Second ROM card's translation layer interface + ... **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES diff --git a/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt b/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt index 5eee3e0bfc4caf0493e3cc7492ef335dcb2dba1f..9f0bc3bfd776b4b3f50523604a320ffe5d8eba8e 100644 --- a/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt +++ b/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt @@ -1,99 +1,131 @@ Platform Devices and Drivers ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +See for the driver model interface to the +platform bus: platform_device, and platform_driver. This pseudo-bus +is used to connect devices on busses with minimal infrastructure, +like those used to integrate peripherals on many system-on-chip +processors, or some "legacy" PC interconnects; as opposed to large +formally specified ones like PCI or USB. + Platform devices ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Platform devices are devices that typically appear as autonomous entities in the system. This includes legacy port-based devices and -host bridges to peripheral buses. - - -Platform drivers -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Drivers for platform devices are typically very simple and -unstructured. Either the device was present at a particular I/O port -and the driver was loaded, or it was not. There was no possibility -of hotplugging or alternative discovery besides probing at a specific -I/O address and expecting a specific response. +host bridges to peripheral buses, and most controllers integrated +into system-on-chip platforms. What they usually have in common +is direct addressing from a CPU bus. Rarely, a platform_device will +be connected through a segment of some other kind of bus; but its +registers will still be directly addressible. +Platform devices are given a name, used in driver binding, and a +list of resources such as addresses and IRQs. -Other Architectures, Modern Firmware, and new Platforms -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -These devices are not always at the legacy I/O ports. This is true on -other architectures and on some modern architectures. In most cases, -the drivers are modified to discover the devices at other well-known -ports for the given platform. However, the firmware in these systems -does usually know where exactly these devices reside, and in some -cases, it's the only way of discovering them. +struct platform_device { + const char *name; + u32 id; + struct device dev; + u32 num_resources; + struct resource *resource; +}; -The Platform Bus -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -A platform bus has been created to deal with these issues. First and -foremost, it groups all the legacy devices under a common bus, and -gives them a common parent if they don't already have one. - -But, besides the organizational benefits, the platform bus can also -accommodate firmware-based enumeration. - - -Device Discovery +Platform drivers ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -The platform bus has no concept of probing for devices. Devices -discovery is left up to either the legacy drivers or the -firmware. These entities are expected to notify the platform of -devices that it discovers via the bus's add() callback: - - platform_bus.add(parent,bus_id). - - -Bus IDs -~~~~~~~ -Bus IDs are the canonical names for the devices. There is no globally -standard addressing mechanism for legacy devices. In the IA-32 world, -we have Pnp IDs to use, as well as the legacy I/O ports. However, -neither tell what the device really is or have any meaning on other -platforms. - -Since both PnP IDs and the legacy I/O ports (and other standard I/O -ports for specific devices) have a 1:1 mapping, we map the -platform-specific name or identifier to a generic name (at least -within the scope of the kernel). - -For example, a serial driver might find a device at I/O 0x3f8. The -ACPI firmware might also discover a device with PnP ID (_HID) -PNP0501. Both correspond to the same device and should be mapped to the -canonical name 'serial'. - -The bus_id field should be a concatenation of the canonical name and -the instance of that type of device. For example, the device at I/O -port 0x3f8 should have a bus_id of "serial0". This places the -responsibility of enumerating devices of a particular type up to the -discovery mechanism. But, they are the entity that should know best -(as opposed to the platform bus driver). - - -Drivers -~~~~~~~ -Drivers for platform devices should have a name that is the same as -the canonical name of the devices they support. This allows the -platform bus driver to do simple matching with the basic data -structures to determine if a driver supports a certain device. - -For example, a legacy serial driver should have a name of 'serial' and -register itself with the platform bus. - - -Driver Binding -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Legacy drivers assume they are bound to the device once they start up -and probe an I/O port. Divorcing them from this will be a difficult -process. However, that shouldn't prevent us from implementing -firmware-based enumeration. - -The firmware should notify the platform bus about devices before the -legacy drivers have had a chance to load. Once the drivers are loaded, -they driver model core will attempt to bind the driver to any -previously-discovered devices. Once that has happened, it will be free -to discover any other devices it pleases. +Platform drivers follow the standard driver model convention, where +discovery/enumeration is handled outside the drivers, and drivers +provide probe() and remove() methods. They support power management +and shutdown notifications using the standard conventions. + +struct platform_driver { + int (*probe)(struct platform_device *); + int (*remove)(struct platform_device *); + void (*shutdown)(struct platform_device *); + int (*suspend)(struct platform_device *, pm_message_t state); + int (*suspend_late)(struct platform_device *, pm_message_t state); + int (*resume_early)(struct platform_device *); + int (*resume)(struct platform_device *); + struct device_driver driver; +}; + +Note that probe() should general verify that the specified device hardware +actually exists; sometimes platform setup code can't be sure. The probing +can use device resources, including clocks, and device platform_data. + +Platform drivers register themselves the normal way: + + int platform_driver_register(struct platform_driver *drv); + +Or, in common situations where the device is known not to be hot-pluggable, +the probe() routine can live in an init section to reduce the driver's +runtime memory footprint: + + int platform_driver_probe(struct platform_driver *drv, + int (*probe)(struct platform_device *)) + + +Device Enumeration +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +As a rule, platform specific (and often board-specific) setup code wil +register platform devices: + + int platform_device_register(struct platform_device *pdev); + + int platform_add_devices(struct platform_device **pdevs, int ndev); + +The general rule is to register only those devices that actually exist, +but in some cases extra devices might be registered. For example, a kernel +might be configured to work with an external network adapter that might not +be populated on all boards, or likewise to work with an integrated controller +that some boards might not hook up to any peripherals. + +In some cases, boot firmware will export tables describing the devices +that are populated on a given board. Without such tables, often the +only way for system setup code to set up the correct devices is to build +a kernel for a specific target board. Such board-specific kernels are +common with embedded and custom systems development. + +In many cases, the memory and IRQ resources associated with the platform +device are not enough to let the device's driver work. Board setup code +will often provide additional information using the device's platform_data +field to hold additional information. + +Embedded systems frequently need one or more clocks for platform devices, +which are normally kept off until they're actively needed (to save power). +System setup also associates those clocks with the device, so that that +calls to clk_get(&pdev->dev, clock_name) return them as needed. + + +Device Naming and Driver Binding +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The platform_device.dev.bus_id is the canonical name for the devices. +It's built from two components: + + * platform_device.name ... which is also used to for driver matching. + + * platform_device.id ... the device instance number, or else "-1" + to indicate there's only one. + +These are catenated, so name/id "serial"/0 indicates bus_id "serial.0", and +"serial/3" indicates bus_id "serial.3"; both would use the platform_driver +named "serial". While "my_rtc"/-1 would be bus_id "my_rtc" (no instance id) +and use the platform_driver called "my_rtc". + +Driver binding is performed automatically by the driver core, invoking +driver probe() after finding a match between device and driver. If the +probe() succeeds, the driver and device are bound as usual. There are +three different ways to find such a match: + + - Whenever a device is registered, the drivers for that bus are + checked for matches. Platform devices should be registered very + early during system boot. + + - When a driver is registered using platform_driver_register(), all + unbound devices on that bus are checked for matches. Drivers + usually register later during booting, or by module loading. + + - Registering a driver using platform_driver_probe() works just like + using platform_driver_register(), except that the the driver won't + be probed later if another device registers. (Which is OK, since + this interface is only for use with non-hotpluggable devices.) diff --git a/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt b/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt index 98b233cb8b36882a41c3e604315b179ab0ca3537..92d86f7271b4d960431e3333ce5d0de3b9f9889e 100644 --- a/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt +++ b/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ struct device represents a single device. It mainly contains metadata describing the relationship the device has to other entities. -- Embedd a struct device in the bus-specific device type. +- Embed a struct device in the bus-specific device type. struct pci_dev { diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt b/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt index ca58e339d85fe2e1fa036e89719b40c462d3d0d6..cc09187a5db75652ad36d3f750ca87f4f3b6ebda 100644 --- a/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt +++ b/Documentation/dvb/cards.txt @@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ o Frontends drivers: - ves1x93 : Alps BSRV2 (ves1893 demodulator) and dbox2 (ves1993) - cx24110 : Conexant HM1221/HM1811 (cx24110 or cx24106 demod, cx24108 PLL) - grundig_29504-491 : Grundig 29504-491 (Philips TDA8083 demodulator), tsa5522 PLL - - mt312 : Zarlink mt312 or Mitel vp310 demodulator, sl1935 or tsa5059 PLL + - mt312 : Zarlink mt312 or Mitel vp310 demodulator, sl1935 or tsa5059 PLLi, Technisat Sky2Pc with bios Rev. 2.3 - stv0299 : Alps BSRU6 (tsa5059 PLL), LG TDQB-S00x (tsa5059 PLL), LG TDQF-S001F (sl1935 PLL), Philips SU1278 (tua6100 PLL), - Philips SU1278SH (tsa5059 PLL), Samsung TBMU24112IMB + Philips SU1278SH (tsa5059 PLL), Samsung TBMU24112IMB, Technisat Sky2Pc with bios Rev. 2.6 DVB-C: - ves1820 : various (ves1820 demodulator, sp5659c or spXXXX PLL) - at76c651 : Atmel AT76c651(B) with DAT7021 PLL diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt b/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt index 531239b2908210dd78a26809e23b570a8be1ad53..2ecd834585e64140fcaa064c27142a9b7fd23950 100644 --- a/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt +++ b/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ eliminating the need for any additional ioctls. The disadvantage is that the driver/hardware has to manage the rest. For the application programmer it would be as simple as sending/receiving an array to/from the CI ioctls as defined in the Linux DVB API. No changes -have been made in the API to accomodate this feature. +have been made in the API to accommodate this feature. * Why the need for another CI interface ? @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ This CI interface follows the CI high level interface, which is not implemented by most applications. Hence this area is revisited. This CI interface is quite different in the case that it tries to -accomodate all other CI based devices, that fall into the other categories +accommodate all other CI based devices, that fall into the other categories. This means that this CI interface handles the EN50221 style tags in the Application layer only and no session management is taken care of by the diff --git a/Documentation/eisa.txt b/Documentation/eisa.txt index 6a099edadd622f625e2606c9402916a227accf4e..60e361ba08c05ce491fd34a2eb73bc3194ca8c75 100644 --- a/Documentation/eisa.txt +++ b/Documentation/eisa.txt @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ res : root device I/O resource bus_base_addr : slot 0 address on this bus slots : max slot number to probe force_probe : Probe even when slot 0 is empty (no EISA mainboard) -dma_mask : Default DMA mask. Usualy the bridge device dma_mask. +dma_mask : Default DMA mask. Usually the bridge device dma_mask. bus_nr : unique bus id, set by eisa_root_register ** Driver : diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/failcmd.sh b/Documentation/fault-injection/failcmd.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63177aba8106378619707822b53d5a282e5c6426 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/failcmd.sh @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +#!/bin/bash + +echo 1 > /proc/self/make-it-fail +exec $* diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/failmodule.sh b/Documentation/fault-injection/failmodule.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..474a8b971f9ca82ad722e4166e6d323cee368a36 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/failmodule.sh @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# +# Usage: failmodule [stacktrace-depth] +# +# : "failslab", "fail_alloc_page", or "fail_make_request" +# +# : module name that you want to inject faults. +# +# [stacktrace-depth]: the maximum number of stacktrace walking allowed +# + +STACKTRACE_DEPTH=5 +if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then + STACKTRACE_DEPTH=$3 +fi + +if [ ! -d /debug/$1 ]; then + echo "Fault-injection $1 does not exist" >&2 + exit 1 +fi +if [ ! -d /sys/module/$2 ]; then + echo "Module $2 does not exist" >&2 + exit 1 +fi + +# Disable any fault injection +echo 0 > /debug/$1/stacktrace-depth + +echo `cat /sys/module/$2/sections/.text` > /debug/$1/require-start +echo `cat /sys/module/$2/sections/.exit.text` > /debug/$1/require-end +echo $STACKTRACE_DEPTH > /debug/$1/stacktrace-depth diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt b/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b7ca560b93407ca94848ced9304a52b2365c9559 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +Fault injection capabilities infrastructure +=========================================== + +See also drivers/md/faulty.c and "every_nth" module option for scsi_debug. + + +Available fault injection capabilities +-------------------------------------- + +o failslab + + injects slab allocation failures. (kmalloc(), kmem_cache_alloc(), ...) + +o fail_page_alloc + + injects page allocation failures. (alloc_pages(), get_free_pages(), ...) + +o fail_make_request + + injects disk IO errors on devices permitted by setting + /sys/block//make-it-fail or + /sys/block///make-it-fail. (generic_make_request()) + +Configure fault-injection capabilities behavior +----------------------------------------------- + +o debugfs entries + +fault-inject-debugfs kernel module provides some debugfs entries for runtime +configuration of fault-injection capabilities. + +- /debug/fail*/probability: + + likelihood of failure injection, in percent. + Format: + + Note that one-failure-per-hundred is a very high error rate + for some testcases. Consider setting probability=100 and configure + /debug/fail*/interval for such testcases. + +- /debug/fail*/interval: + + specifies the interval between failures, for calls to + should_fail() that pass all the other tests. + + Note that if you enable this, by setting interval>1, you will + probably want to set probability=100. + +- /debug/fail*/times: + + specifies how many times failures may happen at most. + A value of -1 means "no limit". + +- /debug/fail*/space: + + specifies an initial resource "budget", decremented by "size" + on each call to should_fail(,size). Failure injection is + suppressed until "space" reaches zero. + +- /debug/fail*/verbose + + Format: { 0 | 1 | 2 } + specifies the verbosity of the messages when failure is + injected. '0' means no messages; '1' will print only a single + log line per failure; '2' will print a call trace too -- useful + to debug the problems revealed by fault injection. + +- /debug/fail*/task-filter: + + Format: { 'Y' | 'N' } + A value of 'N' disables filtering by process (default). + Any positive value limits failures to only processes indicated by + /proc//make-it-fail==1. + +- /debug/fail*/require-start: +- /debug/fail*/require-end: +- /debug/fail*/reject-start: +- /debug/fail*/reject-end: + + specifies the range of virtual addresses tested during + stacktrace walking. Failure is injected only if some caller + in the walked stacktrace lies within the required range, and + none lies within the rejected range. + Default required range is [0,ULONG_MAX) (whole of virtual address space). + Default rejected range is [0,0). + +- /debug/fail*/stacktrace-depth: + + specifies the maximum stacktrace depth walked during search + for a caller within [require-start,require-end) OR + [reject-start,reject-end). + +- /debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-highmem: + + Format: { 'Y' | 'N' } + default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' won't inject failures into + highmem/user allocations. + +- /debug/failslab/ignore-gfp-wait: +- /debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-wait: + + Format: { 'Y' | 'N' } + default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' will inject failures + only into non-sleep allocations (GFP_ATOMIC allocations). + +o Boot option + +In order to inject faults while debugfs is not available (early boot time), +use the boot option: + + failslab= + fail_page_alloc= + fail_make_request=,,, + +How to add new fault injection capability +----------------------------------------- + +o #include + +o define the fault attributes + + DECLARE_FAULT_INJECTION(name); + + Please see the definition of struct fault_attr in fault-inject.h + for details. + +o provide a way to configure fault attributes + +- boot option + + If you need to enable the fault injection capability from boot time, you can + provide boot option to configure it. There is a helper function for it: + + setup_fault_attr(attr, str); + +- debugfs entries + + failslab, fail_page_alloc, and fail_make_request use this way. + Helper functions: + + init_fault_attr_entries(entries, attr, name); + void cleanup_fault_attr_entries(entries); + +- module parameters + + If the scope of the fault injection capability is limited to a + single kernel module, it is better to provide module parameters to + configure the fault attributes. + +o add a hook to insert failures + + Upon should_fail() returning true, client code should inject a failure. + + should_fail(attr, size); + +Application Examples +-------------------- + +o inject slab allocation failures into module init/cleanup code + +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +#!/bin/bash + +FAILCMD=Documentation/fault-injection/failcmd.sh +BLACKLIST="root_plug evbug" + +FAILNAME=failslab +echo Y > /debug/$FAILNAME/task-filter +echo 10 > /debug/$FAILNAME/probability +echo 100 > /debug/$FAILNAME/interval +echo -1 > /debug/$FAILNAME/times +echo 2 > /debug/$FAILNAME/verbose +echo 1 > /debug/$FAILNAME/ignore-gfp-wait + +blacklist() +{ + echo $BLACKLIST | grep $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 +} + +oops() +{ + dmesg | grep BUG > /dev/null 2>&1 +} + +find /lib/modules/`uname -r` -name '*.ko' -exec basename {} .ko \; | + while read i + do + oops && exit 1 + + if ! blacklist $i + then + echo inserting $i... + bash $FAILCMD modprobe $i + fi + done + +lsmod | awk '{ if ($3 == 0) { print $1 } }' | + while read i + do + oops && exit 1 + + if ! blacklist $i + then + echo removing $i... + bash $FAILCMD modprobe -r $i + fi + done + +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +o inject slab allocation failures only for a specific module + +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +#!/bin/bash + +FAILMOD=Documentation/fault-injection/failmodule.sh + +echo injecting errors into the module $1... + +modprobe $1 +bash $FAILMOD failslab $1 10 +echo 25 > /debug/failslab/probability + +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + diff --git a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt index 7ebca0775ec18590856b285b3cca4dff0b0f4546..64ce44da59366bb044c1a30850d94a1c2eab6d3d 100644 --- a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt +++ b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt @@ -30,11 +30,39 @@ Who: Adrian Bunk --------------------------- What: raw1394: requests of type RAW1394_REQ_ISO_SEND, RAW1394_REQ_ISO_LISTEN -When: November 2006 -Why: Deprecated in favour of the new ioctl-based rawiso interface, which is - more efficient. You should really be using libraw1394 for raw1394 - access anyway. -Who: Jody McIntyre +When: June 2007 +Why: Deprecated in favour of the more efficient and robust rawiso interface. + Affected are applications which use the deprecated part of libraw1394 + (raw1394_iso_write, raw1394_start_iso_write, raw1394_start_iso_rcv, + raw1394_stop_iso_rcv) or bypass libraw1394. +Who: Dan Dennedy , Stefan Richter + +--------------------------- + +What: dv1394 driver (CONFIG_IEEE1394_DV1394) +When: June 2007 +Why: Replaced by raw1394 + userspace libraries, notably libiec61883. This + shift of application support has been indicated on www.linux1394.org + and developers' mailinglists for quite some time. Major applications + have been converted, with the exception of ffmpeg and hence xine. + Piped output of dvgrab2 is a partial equivalent to dv1394. +Who: Dan Dennedy , Stefan Richter + +--------------------------- + +What: ieee1394 core's unused exports (CONFIG_IEEE1394_EXPORT_FULL_API) +When: January 2007 +Why: There are no projects known to use these exported symbols, except + dfg1394 (uses one symbol whose functionality is core-internal now). +Who: Stefan Richter + +--------------------------- + +What: ieee1394's *_oui sysfs attributes (CONFIG_IEEE1394_OUI_DB) +When: January 2007 +Files: drivers/ieee1394/: oui.db, oui2c.sh +Why: big size, little value +Who: Stefan Richter --------------------------- @@ -53,18 +81,6 @@ Who: Mauro Carvalho Chehab --------------------------- -What: sys_sysctl -When: January 2007 -Why: The same information is available through /proc/sys and that is the - interface user space prefers to use. And there do not appear to be - any existing user in user space of sys_sysctl. The additional - maintenance overhead of keeping a set of binary names gets - in the way of doing a good job of maintaining this interface. - -Who: Eric Biederman - ---------------------------- - What: PCMCIA control ioctl (needed for pcmcia-cs [cardmgr, cardctl]) When: November 2005 Files: drivers/pcmcia/: pcmcia_ioctl.c @@ -82,18 +98,6 @@ Who: Dominik Brodowski --------------------------- -What: ip_queue and ip6_queue (old ipv4-only and ipv6-only netfilter queue) -When: December 2005 -Why: This interface has been obsoleted by the new layer3-independent - "nfnetlink_queue". The Kernel interface is compatible, so the old - ip[6]tables "QUEUE" targets still work and will transparently handle - all packets into nfnetlink queue number 0. Userspace users will have - to link against API-compatible library on top of libnfnetlink_queue - instead of the current 'libipq'. -Who: Harald Welte - ---------------------------- - What: remove EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_thread) When: August 2006 Files: arch/*/kernel/*_ksyms.c @@ -212,17 +216,6 @@ Who: Thomas Gleixner --------------------------- -What: i2c-ite and i2c-algo-ite drivers -When: September 2006 -Why: These drivers never compiled since they were added to the kernel - tree 5 years ago. This feature removal can be reevaluated if - someone shows interest in the drivers, fixes them and takes over - maintenance. - http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-mips&m=115040510817448 -Who: Jean Delvare - ---------------------------- - What: Bridge netfilter deferred IPv4/IPv6 output hook calling When: January 2007 Why: The deferred output hooks are a layering violation causing unusual @@ -239,23 +232,8 @@ Who: Patrick McHardy --------------------------- -What: frame diverter -When: November 2006 -Why: The frame diverter is included in most distribution kernels, but is - broken. It does not correctly handle many things: - - IPV6 - - non-linear skb's - - network device RCU on removal - - input frames not correctly checked for protocol errors - It also adds allocation overhead even if not enabled. - It is not clear if anyone is still using it. -Who: Stephen Hemminger - ---------------------------- - - What: PHYSDEVPATH, PHYSDEVBUS, PHYSDEVDRIVER in the uevent environment -When: Oktober 2008 +When: October 2008 Why: The stacking of class devices makes these values misleading and inconsistent. Class devices should not carry any of these properties, and bus @@ -273,11 +251,12 @@ Who: Jean Delvare --------------------------- -What: ftape -When: 2.6.20 -Why: Orphaned for ages. SMP bugs long unfixed. Few users left - in the world. -Who: Jeff Garzik +What: IPv4 only connection tracking/NAT/helpers +When: 2.6.22 +Why: The new layer 3 independant connection tracking replaces the old + IPv4 only version. After some stabilization of the new code the + old one will be removed. +Who: Patrick McHardy --------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking index eb1a6cad21e6a8cadc993111b1f4c7099d794ad2..790ef6fbe495914f94ea351e92834d9fb206f80c 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ sync_fs: no no read write_super_lockfs: ? unlockfs: ? statfs: no no no -remount_fs: no yes maybe (see below) +remount_fs: yes yes maybe (see below) clear_inode: no umount_begin: yes no no show_options: no (vfsmount->sem) diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt index 060abb0c700485e1b23495be56714d64d6589b16..9e8811f92b84160451947366508957d26b750597 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Mount options for ADFS uid=nnn All files in the partition will be owned by user id nnn. Default 0 (root). - gid=nnn All files in the partition willbe in group + gid=nnn All files in the partition will be in group nnn. Default 0 (root). ownmask=nnn The permission mask for ADFS 'owner' permissions will be nnn. Default 0700. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt index c3a7afb5eabf337a8dc272220070c7e96bbc7d8f..b34cdb50eab466ca539a559228c5cfc6a18e6bde 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ will happen for write(2). [struct config_group] -A config_item cannot live in a vaccum. The only way one can be created +A config_item cannot live in a vacuum. The only way one can be created is via mkdir(2) on a config_group. This will trigger creation of a child item. @@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ directory is not empty. [struct configfs_subsystem] -A subsystem must register itself, ususally at module_init time. This +A subsystem must register itself, usually at module_init time. This tells configfs to make the subsystem appear in the file tree. struct configfs_subsystem { diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt index a584f05403a412e778cf359e84d3690d5a22d1e4..345392c4caebdb1d7bc806d4f6f6b9fa911fc8e6 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt @@ -51,6 +51,22 @@ homepage: http://fuse.sourceforge.net/ +Filesystem type +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The filesystem type given to mount(2) can be one of the following: + +'fuse' + + This is the usual way to mount a FUSE filesystem. The first + argument of the mount system call may contain an arbitrary string, + which is not interpreted by the kernel. + +'fuseblk' + + The filesystem is block device based. The first argument of the + mount system call is interpreted as the name of the device. + Mount options ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -94,6 +110,11 @@ Mount options The default is infinite. Note that the size of read requests is limited anyway to 32 pages (which is 128kbyte on i386). +'blksize=N' + + Set the block size for the filesystem. The default is 512. This + option is only valid for 'fuseblk' type mounts. + Control filesystem ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ @@ -111,7 +132,7 @@ For each connection the following files exist within this directory: 'waiting' - The number of requests which are waiting to be transfered to + The number of requests which are waiting to be transferred to userspace or being processed by the filesystem daemon. If there is no filesystem activity and 'waiting' is non-zero, then the filesystem is hung or deadlocked. @@ -136,7 +157,7 @@ following will happen: 2) If the request is not yet sent to userspace AND the signal is not fatal, then an 'interrupted' flag is set for the request. When - the request has been successfully transfered to userspace and + the request has been successfully transferred to userspace and this flag is set, an INTERRUPT request is queued. 3) If the request is already sent to userspace, then an INTERRUPT diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt index 33dc360c8e8916333e435aa6b1f98e3f0d20eb58..38aba03efc5e1451e91f63d3c9ea0afa3022d90f 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ History Fixed race-condition in buffer code - it is in all filesystems in Linux; when reading device (cat /dev/hda) while creating files on it, files could be damaged -2.02 Woraround for bug in breada in Linux. breada could cause accesses beyond +2.02 Workaround for bug in breada in Linux. breada could cause accesses beyond end of partition 2.03 Char, block devices and pipes are correctly created Fixed non-crashing race in unlink (Alexander Viro) diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt index 35f105b29e3e26bb4201049f663062989b4693b8..13ba649bda75dae1010891a62da6399ca25d7113 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Finally, for a mirrored volume, i.e. raid level 1, the table would look like this (note all values are in 512-byte sectors): --- cut here --- -# Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Taget Start +# Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Target Start # in of the type type of log size sync? of Device in Device in # vol volume params mirrors Device Device 0 2056320 mirror core 2 16 nosync 2 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0 @@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ Note, a technical ChangeLog aimed at kernel hackers is in fs/ntfs/ChangeLog. - Major bug fixes for reading files and volumes in corner cases which were being hit by Windows 2k/XP users. 2.1.2: - - Major bug fixes aleviating the hangs in statfs experienced by some + - Major bug fixes alleviating the hangs in statfs experienced by some users. 2.1.1: - Update handling of compressed files so people no longer get the diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt index 4389c684a80a66d402f464a4ecf3ed7a15bda1bb..8ccf0c1b58ed0df9430d1d67b6f62f4c64564218 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Caveats Features which OCFS2 does not support yet: - sparse files - extended attributes - - shared writeable mmap + - shared writable mmap - loopback is supported, but data written will not be cluster coherent. - quotas @@ -54,3 +54,6 @@ errors=panic Panic and halt the machine if an error occurs. intr (*) Allow signals to interrupt cluster operations. nointr Do not allow signals to interrupt cluster operations. +atime_quantum=60(*) OCFS2 will not update atime unless this number + of seconds has passed since the last update. + Set to zero to always update atime. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt index 3355e6920105014bda194eb3a1c5360f37a33916..72af5de1effb44a93d907ed4e0117ec403a8257e 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt @@ -1220,9 +1220,9 @@ applications are using mlock(), or if you are running with no swap then you probably should increase the lower_zone_protection setting. The units of this tunable are fairly vague. It is approximately equal -to "megabytes". So setting lower_zone_protection=100 will protect around 100 +to "megabytes," so setting lower_zone_protection=100 will protect around 100 megabytes of the lowmem zone from user allocations. It will also make -those 100 megabytes unavaliable for use by applications and by +those 100 megabytes unavailable for use by applications and by pagecache, so there is a cost. The effects of this tunable may be observed by monitoring @@ -1538,10 +1538,10 @@ TCP settings tcp_ecn ------- -This file controls the use of the ECN bit in the IPv4 headers, this is a new +This file controls the use of the ECN bit in the IPv4 headers. This is a new feature about Explicit Congestion Notification, but some routers and firewalls -block trafic that has this bit set, so it could be necessary to echo 0 to -/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_ecn, if you want to talk to this sites. For more info +block traffic that has this bit set, so it could be necessary to echo 0 to +/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_ecn if you want to talk to these sites. For more info you could read RFC2481. tcp_retrans_collapse diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt index 982645a1981de148771c844c41e7affa6373b3aa..1343d118a9b2d63815355cb28f18605c565653f6 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ FILES /signal2 The two signal notification channels of an SPU. These are read-write files that operate on a 32 bit word. Writing to one of these files - triggers an interrupt on the SPU. The value writting to the signal + triggers an interrupt on the SPU. The value written to the signal files can be read from the SPU through a channel read or from host user space through the file. After the value has been read by the SPU, it is reset to zero. The possible operations on an open signal1 or sig- diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt index d81722418010f551f066d264c8276c861e82ef40..253b50d1328ed8d62e873f9e6ca750972bc603ce 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt @@ -1,11 +1,8 @@ -This is the implementation of the SystemV/Coherent filesystem for Linux. It implements all of - Xenix FS, - SystemV/386 FS, - Coherent FS. -This is version beta 4. - To install: * Answer the 'System V and Coherent filesystem support' question with 'y' when configuring the kernel. @@ -28,11 +25,173 @@ Bugs in the present implementation: for this FS on hard disk yet. -Please report any bugs and suggestions to - Bruno Haible - Pascal Haible - Krzysztof G. Baranowski +These filesystems are rather similar. Here is a comparison with Minix FS: + +* Linux fdisk reports on partitions + - Minix FS 0x81 Linux/Minix + - Xenix FS ?? + - SystemV FS ?? + - Coherent FS 0x08 AIX bootable + +* Size of a block or zone (data allocation unit on disk) + - Minix FS 1024 + - Xenix FS 1024 (also 512 ??) + - SystemV FS 1024 (also 512 and 2048) + - Coherent FS 512 + +* General layout: all have one boot block, one super block and + separate areas for inodes and for directories/data. + On SystemV Release 2 FS (e.g. Microport) the first track is reserved and + all the block numbers (including the super block) are offset by one track. + +* Byte ordering of "short" (16 bit entities) on disk: + - Minix FS little endian 0 1 + - Xenix FS little endian 0 1 + - SystemV FS little endian 0 1 + - Coherent FS little endian 0 1 + Of course, this affects only the file system, not the data of files on it! + +* Byte ordering of "long" (32 bit entities) on disk: + - Minix FS little endian 0 1 2 3 + - Xenix FS little endian 0 1 2 3 + - SystemV FS little endian 0 1 2 3 + - Coherent FS PDP-11 2 3 0 1 + Of course, this affects only the file system, not the data of files on it! + +* Inode on disk: "short", 0 means non-existent, the root dir ino is: + - Minix FS 1 + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS 2 + +* Maximum number of hard links to a file: + - Minix FS 250 + - Xenix FS ?? + - SystemV FS ?? + - Coherent FS >=10000 + +* Free inode management: + - Minix FS a bitmap + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS + There is a cache of a certain number of free inodes in the super-block. + When it is exhausted, new free inodes are found using a linear search. + +* Free block management: + - Minix FS a bitmap + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS + Free blocks are organized in a "free list". Maybe a misleading term, + since it is not true that every free block contains a pointer to + the next free block. Rather, the free blocks are organized in chunks + of limited size, and every now and then a free block contains pointers + to the free blocks pertaining to the next chunk; the first of these + contains pointers and so on. The list terminates with a "block number" + 0 on Xenix FS and SystemV FS, with a block zeroed out on Coherent FS. + +* Super-block location: + - Minix FS block 1 = bytes 1024..2047 + - Xenix FS block 1 = bytes 1024..2047 + - SystemV FS bytes 512..1023 + - Coherent FS block 1 = bytes 512..1023 + +* Super-block layout: + - Minix FS + unsigned short s_ninodes; + unsigned short s_nzones; + unsigned short s_imap_blocks; + unsigned short s_zmap_blocks; + unsigned short s_firstdatazone; + unsigned short s_log_zone_size; + unsigned long s_max_size; + unsigned short s_magic; + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS + unsigned short s_firstdatazone; + unsigned long s_nzones; + unsigned short s_fzone_count; + unsigned long s_fzones[NICFREE]; + unsigned short s_finode_count; + unsigned short s_finodes[NICINOD]; + char s_flock; + char s_ilock; + char s_modified; + char s_rdonly; + unsigned long s_time; + short s_dinfo[4]; -- SystemV FS only + unsigned long s_free_zones; + unsigned short s_free_inodes; + short s_dinfo[4]; -- Xenix FS only + unsigned short s_interleave_m,s_interleave_n; -- Coherent FS only + char s_fname[6]; + char s_fpack[6]; + then they differ considerably: + Xenix FS + char s_clean; + char s_fill[371]; + long s_magic; + long s_type; + SystemV FS + long s_fill[12 or 14]; + long s_state; + long s_magic; + long s_type; + Coherent FS + unsigned long s_unique; + Note that Coherent FS has no magic. + +* Inode layout: + - Minix FS + unsigned short i_mode; + unsigned short i_uid; + unsigned long i_size; + unsigned long i_time; + unsigned char i_gid; + unsigned char i_nlinks; + unsigned short i_zone[7+1+1]; + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS + unsigned short i_mode; + unsigned short i_nlink; + unsigned short i_uid; + unsigned short i_gid; + unsigned long i_size; + unsigned char i_zone[3*(10+1+1+1)]; + unsigned long i_atime; + unsigned long i_mtime; + unsigned long i_ctime; + +* Regular file data blocks are organized as + - Minix FS + 7 direct blocks + 1 indirect block (pointers to blocks) + 1 double-indirect block (pointer to pointers to blocks) + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS + 10 direct blocks + 1 indirect block (pointers to blocks) + 1 double-indirect block (pointer to pointers to blocks) + 1 triple-indirect block (pointer to pointers to pointers to blocks) + +* Inode size, inodes per block + - Minix FS 32 32 + - Xenix FS 64 16 + - SystemV FS 64 16 + - Coherent FS 64 8 + +* Directory entry on disk + - Minix FS + unsigned short inode; + char name[14/30]; + - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS + unsigned short inode; + char name[14]; + +* Dir entry size, dir entries per block + - Minix FS 16/32 64/32 + - Xenix FS 16 64 + - SystemV FS 16 64 + - Coherent FS 16 32 + +* How to implement symbolic links such that the host fsck doesn't scream: + - Minix FS normal + - Xenix FS kludge: as regular files with chmod 1000 + - SystemV FS ?? + - Coherent FS kludge: as regular files with chmod 1000 -Bruno Haible - +Notation: We often speak of a "block" but mean a zone (the allocation unit) +and not the disk driver's notion of "block". diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/udf.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/udf.txt index 511b4230c0536add9d0650cbc1f702becc2e54e2..fde829a756e6510a9d5cd4d56c981e204151fa8c 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/udf.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/udf.txt @@ -7,8 +7,17 @@ If you encounter problems with reading UDF discs using this driver, please report them to linux_udf@hpesjro.fc.hp.com, which is the developer's list. -Write support requires a block driver which supports writing. The current -scsi and ide cdrom drivers do not support writing. +Write support requires a block driver which supports writing. Currently +dvd+rw drives and media support true random sector writes, and so a udf +filesystem on such devices can be directly mounted read/write. CD-RW +media however, does not support this. Instead the media can be formatted +for packet mode using the utility cdrwtool, then the pktcdvd driver can +be bound to the underlying cd device to provide the required buffering +and read-modify-write cycles to allow the filesystem random sector writes +while providing the hardware with only full packet writes. While not +required for dvd+rw media, use of the pktcdvd driver often enhances +performance due to very poor read-modify-write support supplied internally +by drive firmware. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The following mount options are supported: diff --git a/Documentation/ftape.txt b/Documentation/ftape.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 7d8bb3384031cb477a5b048dc3e3c4c07a1ef95a..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 --- a/Documentation/ftape.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,307 +0,0 @@ -Intro -===== - -This file describes some issues involved when using the "ftape" -floppy tape device driver that comes with the Linux kernel. - -ftape has a home page at - -http://ftape.dot-heine.de/ - -which contains further information about ftape. Please cross check -this WWW address against the address given (if any) in the MAINTAINERS -file located in the top level directory of the Linux kernel source -tree. - -NOTE: This is an unmaintained set of drivers, and it is not guaranteed to work. -If you are interested in taking over maintenance, contact Claus-Justus Heine -, the former maintainer. - -Contents -======== - -A minus 1: Ftape documentation - -A. Changes - 1. Goal - 2. I/O Block Size - 3. Write Access when not at EOD (End Of Data) or BOT (Begin Of Tape) - 4. Formatting - 5. Interchanging cartridges with other operating systems - -B. Debugging Output - 1. Introduction - 2. Tuning the debugging output - -C. Boot and load time configuration - 1. Setting boot time parameters - 2. Module load time parameters - 3. Ftape boot- and load time options - 4. Example kernel parameter setting - 5. Example module parameter setting - -D. Support and contacts - -******************************************************************************* - -A minus 1. Ftape documentation -============================== - -Unluckily, the ftape-HOWTO is out of date. This really needs to be -changed. Up to date documentation as well as recent development -versions of ftape and useful links to related topics can be found at -the ftape home page at - -http://ftape.dot-heine.de/ - -******************************************************************************* - -A. Changes -========== - -1. Goal - ~~~~ - The goal of all that incompatibilities was to give ftape an interface - that resembles the interface provided by SCSI tape drives as close - as possible. Thus any Unix backup program that is known to work - with SCSI tape drives should also work. - - The concept of a fixed block size for read/write transfers is - rather unrelated to this SCSI tape compatibility at the file system - interface level. It developed out of a feature of zftape, a - block wise user transparent on-the-fly compression. That compression - support will not be dropped in future releases for compatibility - reasons with previous releases of zftape. - -2. I/O Block Size - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - The block size defaults to 10k which is the default block size of - GNU tar. - - The block size can be tuned either during kernel configuration or - at runtime with the MTIOCTOP ioctl using the MTSETBLK operation - (i.e. do "mt -f /dev/qft0" setblk #BLKSZ). A block size of 0 - switches to variable block size mode i.e. "mt setblk 0" switches - off the block size restriction. However, this disables zftape's - built in on-the-fly compression which doesn't work with variable - block size mode. - - The BLKSZ parameter must be given as a byte count and must be a - multiple of 32k or 0, i.e. use "mt setblk 32768" to switch to a - block size of 32k. - - The typical symptom of a block size mismatch is an "invalid - argument" error message. - -3. Write Access when not at EOD (End Of Data) or BOT (Begin Of Tape) - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - zftape (the file system interface of ftape-3.x) denies write access - to the tape cartridge when it isn't positioned either at BOT or - EOD. - -4. Formatting - ~~~~~~~~~~ - ftape DOES support formatting of floppy tape cartridges. You need the - `ftformat' program that is shipped with the modules version of ftape. - Please get the latest version of ftape from - - ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/tapes - - or from the ftape home page at - - http://ftape.dot-heine.de/ - - `ftformat' is contained in the `./contrib/' subdirectory of that - separate ftape package. - -5. Interchanging cartridges with other operating systems - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - The internal emulation of Unix tape device file marks has changed - completely. ftape now uses the volume table segment as specified - by the QIC-40/80/3010/3020/113 standards to emulate file marks. As - a consequence there is limited support to interchange cartridges - with other operating systems. - - To be more precise: ftape will detect volumes written by other OS's - programs and other OS's programs will detect volumes written by - ftape. - - However, it isn't possible to extract the data dumped to the tape - by some MSDOS program with ftape. This exceeds the scope of a - kernel device driver. If you need such functionality, then go ahead - and write a user space utility that is able to do that. ftape already - provides all kernel level support necessary to do that. - -******************************************************************************* - -B. Debugging Output - ================ - -1. Introduction - ~~~~~~~~~~~~ - The ftape driver can be very noisy in that is can print lots of - debugging messages to the kernel log files and the system console. - While this is useful for debugging it might be annoying during - normal use and enlarges the size of the driver by several kilobytes. - - To reduce the size of the driver you can trim the maximal amount of - debugging information available during kernel configuration. Please - refer to the kernel configuration script and its on-line help - functionality. - - The amount of debugging output maps to the "tracing" boot time - option and the "ft_tracing" modules option as follows: - - 0 bugs - 1 + errors (with call-stack dump) - 2 + warnings - 3 + information - 4 + more information - 5 + program flow - 6 + fdc/dma info - 7 + data flow - 8 + everything else - -2. Tuning the debugging output - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - To reduce the amount of debugging output printed to the system - console you can - - i) trim the debugging output at run-time with - - mt -f /dev/nqft0 setdensity #DBGLVL - - where "#DBGLVL" is a number between 0 and 9 - - ii) trim the debugging output at module load time with - - modprobe ftape ft_tracing=#DBGLVL - - Of course, this applies only if you have configured ftape to be - compiled as a module. - - iii) trim the debugging output during system boot time. Add the - following to the kernel command line: - - ftape=#DBGLVL,tracing - - Please refer also to the next section if you don't know how to - set boot time parameters. - -******************************************************************************* - -C. Boot and load time configuration - ================================ - -1. Setting boot time parameters - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - Assuming that you use lilo, the LI)nux LO)ader, boot time kernel - parameters can be set by adding a line - - append some_kernel_boot_time_parameter - - to `/etc/lilo.conf' or at real boot time by typing in the options - at the prompt provided by LILO. I can't give you advice on how to - specify those parameters with other loaders as I don't use them. - - For ftape, each "some_kernel_boot_time_parameter" looks like - "ftape=value,option". As an example, the debugging output can be - increased with - - ftape=4,tracing - - NOTE: the value precedes the option name. - -2. Module load time parameters - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - Module parameters can be specified either directly when invoking - the program 'modprobe' at the shell prompt: - - modprobe ftape ft_tracing=4 - - or by editing the file `/etc/modprobe.conf' in which case they take - effect each time when the module is loaded with `modprobe' (please - refer to the respective manual pages). Thus, you should add a line - - options ftape ft_tracing=4 - - to `/etc/modprobe.conf` if you intend to increase the debugging - output of the driver. - - -3. Ftape boot- and load time options - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - i. Controlling the amount of debugging output - DBGLVL has to be replaced by a number between 0 and 8. - - module | kernel command line - -----------------------|---------------------- - ft_tracing=DBGLVL | ftape=DBGLVL,tracing - - ii. Hardware setup - BASE is the base address of your floppy disk controller, - IRQ and DMA give its interrupt and DMA channel, respectively. - BOOL is an integer, "0" means "no"; any other value means - "yes". You don't need to specify anything if connecting your tape - drive to the standard floppy disk controller. All of these - values have reasonable defaults. The defaults can be modified - during kernel configuration, i.e. while running "make config", - "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig" in the top level directory - of the Linux kernel source tree. Please refer also to the on - line documentation provided during that kernel configuration - process. - - ft_probe_fc10 is set to a non-zero value if you wish for ftape to - probe for a Colorado FC-10 or FC-20 controller. - - ft_mach2 is set to a non-zero value if you wish for ftape to probe - for a Mountain MACH-2 controller. - - module | kernel command line - -----------------------|---------------------- - ft_fdc_base=BASE | ftape=BASE,ioport - ft_fdc_irq=IRQ | ftape=IRQ,irq - ft_fdc_dma=DMA | ftape=DMA,dma - ft_probe_fc10=BOOL | ftape=BOOL,fc10 - ft_mach2=BOOL | ftape=BOOL,mach2 - ft_fdc_threshold=THR | ftape=THR,threshold - ft_fdc_rate_limit=RATE | ftape=RATE,datarate - -4. Example kernel parameter setting - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - To configure ftape to probe for a Colorado FC-10/FC-20 controller - and to increase the amount of debugging output a little bit, add - the following line to `/etc/lilo.conf': - - append ftape=1,fc10 ftape=4,tracing - -5. Example module parameter setting - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - To do the same, but with ftape compiled as a loadable kernel - module, add the following line to `/etc/modprobe.conf': - - options ftape ft_probe_fc10=1 ft_tracing=4 - -******************************************************************************* - -D. Support and contacts - ==================== - - Ftape is distributed under the GNU General Public License. There is - absolutely no warranty for this software. However, you can reach - the current maintainer of the ftape package under the email address - given in the MAINTAINERS file which is located in the top level - directory of the Linux kernel source tree. There you'll find also - the relevant mailing list to use as a discussion forum and the web - page to query for the most recent documentation, related work and - development versions of ftape. - - Changelog: - ========== - -~1996: Original Document - -10-24-2004: General cleanup and updating, noting additional module options. - James Nelson diff --git a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt index 6ce5aa9abbc5918cb961c47f55f0ebd5bbb64947..9304fb36ae8a91671693bde1fd2644b3085f42f2 100644 --- a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt +++ b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ the following things on the "Kernel Hacking" tab: Then build as usual, download to the board and execute. Note that if "Immediate activation" was selected, then the kernel will wait for GDB to attach. If not, then the kernel will boot immediately and GDB will have to -interupt it or wait for an exception to occur if before doing anything with +interrupt it or wait for an exception to occur before doing anything with the kernel. diff --git a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt index 8b0a5fc8bfd96cc64fe09f165b740f272196f654..aaa1cec86f0bb869c674ea2faf7a5506770b40ad 100644 --- a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt +++ b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ with the main kernel in this regard. Hence the debug mode code (gdbstub) is almost completely self-contained. The only external code used is the sprintf family of functions. -Futhermore, break.S is so complicated because single-step mode does not +Furthermore, break.S is so complicated because single-step mode does not switch off on entry to an exception. That means unless manually disabled, single-stepping will blithely go on stepping into things like interrupts. See gdbstub.txt for more information. diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/adm9240 b/Documentation/hwmon/adm9240 index 35f618f32896c9228c8a32a3c62b5392043237ac..2c6f1fed4618df3949d76173057c9eda3f4f7762 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/adm9240 +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/adm9240 @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Authors: Frodo Looijaard , Philip Edelbrock , Michiel Rook , - Grant Coady with guidance + Grant Coady with guidance from Jean Delvare Interface diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/f71805f b/Documentation/hwmon/f71805f index 28c5b7d1eb90f0ccd8e0307c170f89bd7954dc9c..2ca69df669c3a615601aec996fb8f977aa485180 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/f71805f +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/f71805f @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Thanks to Kris Chen from Fintek for answering technical questions and providing additional documentation. Thanks to Chris Lin from Jetway for providing wiring schematics and -anwsering technical questions. +answering technical questions. Description diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/k8temp b/Documentation/hwmon/k8temp index bab445ab0f523fc627c24aa0c5da11aa11d51523..30d123b8d92022180b4f0cd2ae32cffc47ba4f6e 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/k8temp +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/k8temp @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Kernel driver k8temp ==================== Supported chips: - * AMD K8 CPU + * AMD Athlon64/FX or Opteron CPUs Prefix: 'k8temp' Addresses scanned: PCI space Datasheet: http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/32559.pdf @@ -13,10 +13,13 @@ Contact: Rudolf Marek Description ----------- -This driver permits reading temperature sensor(s) embedded inside AMD K8 CPUs. -Official documentation says that it works from revision F of K8 core, but -in fact it seems to be implemented for all revisions of K8 except the first -two revisions (SH-B0 and SH-B3). +This driver permits reading temperature sensor(s) embedded inside AMD K8 +family CPUs (Athlon64/FX, Opteron). Official documentation says that it works +from revision F of K8 core, but in fact it seems to be implemented for all +revisions of K8 except the first two revisions (SH-B0 and SH-B3). + +Please note that you will need at least lm-sensors 2.10.1 for proper userspace +support. There can be up to four temperature sensors inside single CPU. The driver will auto-detect the sensors and will display only temperatures from diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/smsc47m1 b/Documentation/hwmon/smsc47m1 index c15bbe68264ee514861197726b2dddea2b4bcbbd..04a11124f667756b9a4225b81624d9d9225eb1ae 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/smsc47m1 +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/smsc47m1 @@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ Kernel driver smsc47m1 ====================== Supported chips: - * SMSC LPC47B27x, LPC47M10x, LPC47M13x, LPC47M14x, LPC47M15x and LPC47M192 + * SMSC LPC47B27x, LPC47M112, LPC47M10x, LPC47M13x, LPC47M14x, + LPC47M15x and LPC47M192 Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space Prefix: 'smsc47m1' Datasheets: http://www.smsc.com/main/datasheets/47b27x.pdf http://www.smsc.com/main/datasheets/47m10x.pdf + http://www.smsc.com/main/datasheets/47m112.pdf http://www.smsc.com/main/tools/discontinued/47m13x.pdf http://www.smsc.com/main/datasheets/47m14x.pdf http://www.smsc.com/main/tools/discontinued/47m15x.pdf diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf b/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf index fae3b781d82d48f6f91a5b261601499ee450e127..caa610a297e8a349f586f15a4b1279903179e47d 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ fan control mode). Temperatures are measured in degrees Celsius and measurement resolution is 1 degC for temp1 and 0.5 degC for temp2 and temp3. An alarm is triggered when the temperature gets higher than high limit; it stays on until the temperature -falls below the Hysteresis value. +falls below the hysteresis value. Fan rotation speeds are reported in RPM (rotations per minute). An alarm is triggered if the rotation speed has dropped below a programmable limit. Fan @@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ Thermal Cruise mode If the temperature is in the range defined by: -pwm[1-4]_target - set target temperature, unit millidegree Celcius +pwm[1-4]_target - set target temperature, unit millidegree Celsius (range 0 - 127000) -pwm[1-4]_tolerance - tolerance, unit millidegree Celcius (range 0 - 15000) +pwm[1-4]_tolerance - tolerance, unit millidegree Celsius (range 0 - 15000) there are no changes to fan speed. Once the temperature leaves the interval, fan speed increases (temp is higher) or decreases if lower than desired. diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-amd8111 b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-amd8111 index db294ee7455a447350382b35037bd9e61f874380..460dd6635fd26c916fb8cab16e46e6473aa3142d 100644 --- a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-amd8111 +++ b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-amd8111 @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Supported adapters: Datasheets: AMD datasheet not yet available, but almost everything can be found - in publically available ACPI 2.0 specification, which the adapter + in the publicly available ACPI 2.0 specification, which the adapter follows. Author: Vojtech Pavlik diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-i801 b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-i801 index e46c2345824243b66d50f7efbc101699561300ea..3db69a086c41d466afa26dfc6132c82b304a57e7 100644 --- a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-i801 +++ b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-i801 @@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ Supported adapters: * Intel 82801EB/ER (ICH5) (HW PEC supported, 32 byte buffer not supported) * Intel 6300ESB * Intel 82801FB/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6) - * Intel ICH7 + * Intel 82801G (ICH7) + * Intel 631xESB/632xESB (ESB2) + * Intel 82801H (ICH8) + * Intel ICH9 Datasheets: Publicly available at the Intel website Authors: diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-nforce2 b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-nforce2 index cd49c428a3ab7627a73ffd75a0b071e4a08ebb28..7f61fbc03f7f51e294054fbff4037dec5995e9fa 100644 --- a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-nforce2 +++ b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-nforce2 @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ Supported adapters: * nForce4 MCP51 10de:0264 * nForce4 MCP55 10de:0368 -Datasheet: not publically available, but seems to be similar to the +Datasheet: not publicly available, but seems to be similar to the AMD-8111 SMBus 2.0 adapter. Authors: - Hans-Frieder Vogt , + Hans-Frieder Vogt , Thomas Leibold , Patrick Dreker @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Notes ----- The SMBus adapter in the nForce2 chipset seems to be very similar to the -SMBus 2.0 adapter in the AMD-8111 southbridge. However, I could only get +SMBus 2.0 adapter in the AMD-8111 south bridge. However, I could only get the driver to work with direct I/O access, which is different to the EC interface of the AMD-8111. Tested on Asus A7N8X. The ACPI DSDT table of the Asus A7N8X lists two SMBuses, both of which are supported by this driver. diff --git a/Documentation/i386/boot.txt b/Documentation/i386/boot.txt index c51314b1a463a35eb222d550409d0a29137149e2..9575de300a6173ea92dec18b198f48395721ed0e 100644 --- a/Documentation/i386/boot.txt +++ b/Documentation/i386/boot.txt @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ ---------------------------- H. Peter Anvin - Last update 2005-09-02 + Last update 2006-11-17 On the i386 platform, the Linux kernel uses a rather complicated boot convention. This has evolved partially due to historical aspects, as @@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ Protocol 2.03: (Kernel 2.4.18-pre1) Explicitly makes the highest possible initrd address available to the bootloader. Protocol 2.04: (Kernel 2.6.14) Extend the syssize field to four bytes. +Protocol 2.05: (Kernel 2.6.20) Make protected mode kernel relocatable. + Introduce relocatable_kernel and kernel_alignment fields. **** MEMORY LAYOUT @@ -129,6 +131,8 @@ Offset Proto Name Meaning 0226/2 N/A pad1 Unused 0228/4 2.02+ cmd_line_ptr 32-bit pointer to the kernel command line 022C/4 2.03+ initrd_addr_max Highest legal initrd address +0230/4 2.05+ kernel_alignment Physical addr alignment required for kernel +0234/1 2.05+ relocatable_kernel Whether kernel is relocatable or not (1) For backwards compatibility, if the setup_sects field contains 0, the real value is 4. diff --git a/Documentation/ide.txt b/Documentation/ide.txt index 0bf38baa2db96a162e8f641eac90de097487cbf4..786c3a766995f09ad8ad443c042be0af0a6484f3 100644 --- a/Documentation/ide.txt +++ b/Documentation/ide.txt @@ -390,5 +390,5 @@ mlord@pobox.com Wed Apr 17 22:52:44 CEST 2002 edited by Marcin Dalecki, the current maintainer. -Wed Aug 20 22:31:29 CEST 2003 updated ide boot uptions to current ide.c +Wed Aug 20 22:31:29 CEST 2003 updated ide boot options to current ide.c comments at 2.6.0-test4 time. Maciej Soltysiak diff --git a/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt b/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt index 4f0e89df5c5191cbc166adc5f86e23f69aac6ba2..7dc4f175943cff2854dd1d54ff93c03be98b2b56 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt @@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ JOY1DAT Y7 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0 X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0 | 1 | M0HQ | JOY0DAT Horizontal Clock (quadrature) | | 2 | M0V | JOY0DAT Vertical Clock | | 3 | M0VQ | JOY0DAT Vertical Clock (quadrature) | - | 4 | M1V | JOY1DAT Horizontall Clock | - | 5 | M1VQ | JOY1DAT Horizontall Clock (quadrature) | + | 4 | M1V | JOY1DAT Horizontal Clock | + | 5 | M1VQ | JOY1DAT Horizontal Clock (quadrature) | | 6 | M1V | JOY1DAT Vertical Clock | | 7 | M1VQ | JOY1DAT Vertical Clock (quadrature) | +--------+----------+-----------------------------------------+ diff --git a/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt b/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt index 1e7e5853ba4c71eafdbc1e9f57cc749826b658c4..668f4d0d97d60efe0f8fd99538e4b259b19874ff 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ LEFT=0x74 & RIGHT=0x75). 5.1 Joystick Event Reporting -In this mode, the ikbd generates a record whever the joystick position is +In this mode, the ikbd generates a record whenever the joystick position is changed (i.e. for each opening or closing of a joystick switch or trigger). The joystick event record is two bytes of the form: @@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ default to 1 at RESET (or power-up). 9.7 SET MOUSE SCALE 0x0C - X ; horizontal mouse ticks per internel X - Y ; vertical mouse ticks per internel Y + X ; horizontal mouse ticks per internal X + Y ; vertical mouse ticks per internal Y This command sets the scale factor for the ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING mode. In this mode, the specified number of mouse phase changes ('clicks') must @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ mouse position. 0x0F This command makes the origin of the Y axis to be at the bottom of the -logical coordinate system internel to the ikbd for all relative or absolute +logical coordinate system internal to the ikbd for all relative or absolute mouse motion. This causes mouse motion toward the user to be negative in sign and away from the user to be positive. @@ -597,8 +597,8 @@ mode or FIRE BUTTON MONITORING mode. 10. SCAN CODES -The key scan codes return by the ikbd are chosen to simplify the -implementaion of GSX. +The key scan codes returned by the ikbd are chosen to simplify the +implementation of GSX. GSX Standard Keyboard Mapping. diff --git a/Documentation/input/xpad.txt b/Documentation/input/xpad.txt index b9111a703ce0c37a8a3ad59cc442da283629a0b2..5427bdf225ed0392372ff6ce428dd1e68a2aab83 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/xpad.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/xpad.txt @@ -3,20 +3,37 @@ xpad - Linux USB driver for X-Box gamepads This is the very first release of a driver for X-Box gamepads. Basically, this was hacked away in just a few hours, so don't expect miracles. + In particular, there is currently NO support for the rumble pack. You won't find many ff-aware linux applications anyway. -0. Status ---------- +0. Notes +-------- + +Driver updated for kernel 2.6.17.11. (Based on a patch for 2.6.11.4.) -For now, this driver has only been tested on just one Linux-Box. -This one is running a 2.4.18 kernel with usb-uhci on an amd athlon 600. +The number of buttons/axes reported varies based on 3 things: +- if you are using a known controller +- if you are using a known dance pad +- if using an unknown device (one not listed below), what you set in the + module configuration for "Map D-PAD to buttons rather than axes for unknown + pads" (module option dpad_to_buttons) -The jstest-program from joystick-1.2.15 (jstest-version 2.1.0) reports -8 axes and 10 buttons. +If you set dpad_to_buttons to 0 and you are using an unknown device (one +not listed below), the driver will map the directional pad to axes (X/Y), +if you said N it will map the d-pad to buttons, which is needed for dance +style games to function correctly. The default is Y. + +dpad_to_buttons has no effect for known pads. + +0.1 Normal Controllers +---------------------- +With a normal controller, the directional pad is mapped to its own X/Y axes. +The jstest-program from joystick-1.2.15 (jstest-version 2.1.0) will report 8 +axes and 10 buttons. -Alls 8 axes work, though they all have the same range (-32768..32767) +All 8 axes work, though they all have the same range (-32768..32767) and the zero-setting is not correct for the triggers (I don't know if that is some limitation of jstest, since the input device setup should be fine. I didn't have a look at jstest itself yet). @@ -30,16 +47,50 @@ in game functionality were OK. However, I find it rather difficult to play first person shooters with a pad. Your mileage may vary. +0.2 Xbox Dance Pads +------------------- +When using a known dance pad, jstest will report 6 axes and 14 buttons. + +For dance style pads (like the redoctane pad) several changes +have been made. The old driver would map the d-pad to axes, resulting +in the driver being unable to report when the user was pressing both +left+right or up+down, making DDR style games unplayable. + +Known dance pads automatically map the d-pad to buttons and will work +correctly out of the box. + +If your dance pad is recognized by the driver but is using axes instead +of buttons, see section 0.3 - Unknown Controllers + +I've tested this with Stepmania, and it works quite well. + + +0.3 Unkown Controllers +---------------------- +If you have an unkown xbox controller, it should work just fine with +the default settings. + +HOWEVER if you have an unknown dance pad not listed below, it will not +work UNLESS you set "dpad_to_buttons" to 1 in the module configuration. + +PLEASE if you have an unkown controller, email Dom with +a dump from /proc/bus/usb and a description of the pad (manufacturer, country, +whether it is a dance pad or normal controller) so that we can add your pad +to the list of supported devices, ensuring that it will work out of the +box in the future. + + 1. USB adapter -------------- Before you can actually use the driver, you need to get yourself an -adapter cable to connect the X-Box controller to your Linux-Box. +adapter cable to connect the X-Box controller to your Linux-Box. You +can buy these online fairly cheap, or build your own. -Such a cable is pretty easy to build. The Controller itself is a USB compound -device (a hub with three ports for two expansion slots and the controller -device) with the only difference in a nonstandard connector (5 pins vs. 4 on -standard USB connector). +Such a cable is pretty easy to build. The Controller itself is a USB +compound device (a hub with three ports for two expansion slots and +the controller device) with the only difference in a nonstandard connector +(5 pins vs. 4 on standard USB connector). You just need to solder a USB connector onto the cable and keep the yellow wire unconnected. The other pins have the same order on both @@ -51,36 +102,36 @@ original one. You can buy an extension cable and cut that instead. That way, you can still use the controller with your X-Box, if you have one ;) -2. driver installation +2. Driver Installation ---------------------- Once you have the adapter cable and the controller is connected, you need to load your USB subsystem and should cat /proc/bus/usb/devices. There should be an entry like the one at the end [4]. -Currently (as of version 0.0.4), the following three devices are included: +Currently (as of version 0.0.6), the following devices are included: original Microsoft XBOX controller (US), vendor=0x045e, product=0x0202 + smaller Microsoft XBOX controller (US), vendor=0x045e, product=0x0289 original Microsoft XBOX controller (Japan), vendor=0x045e, product=0x0285 InterAct PowerPad Pro (Germany), vendor=0x05fd, product=0x107a + RedOctane Xbox Dance Pad (US), vendor=0x0c12, product=0x8809 -If you have another controller that is not listed above and is not recognized -by the driver, please drop me a line with the appropriate info (that is, include -the name, vendor and product ID, as well as the country where you bought it; -sending the whole dump out of /proc/bus/usb/devices along would be even better). +The driver should work with xbox pads not listed above as well, however +you will need to do something extra for dance pads to work. -In theory, the driver should work with other controllers than mine -(InterAct PowerPad pro, bought in Germany) just fine, but I cannot test this -for I only have this one controller. +If you have a controller not listed above, see 0.3 - Unknown Controllers If you compiled and installed the driver, test the functionality: > modprobe xpad > modprobe joydev > jstest /dev/js0 -There should be a single line showing 18 inputs (8 axes, 10 buttons), and -it's values should change if you move the sticks and push the buttons. +If you're using a normal controller, there should be a single line showing +18 inputs (8 axes, 10 buttons), and its values should change if you move +the sticks and push the buttons. If you're using a dance pad, it should +show 20 inputs (6 axes, 14 buttons). -It works? Voila, your done ;) +It works? Voila, you're done ;) 3. Thanks @@ -111,6 +162,22 @@ I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=58(unk. ) Sub=42 Prot=00 Driver=(none) E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 32 Ivl= 10ms E: Ad=02(O) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 32 Ivl= 10ms +5. /proc/bus/usb/devices - dump from Redoctane Xbox Dance Pad (US): + +T: Bus=01 Lev=02 Prnt=09 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 10 Spd=12 MxCh= 0 +D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1 +P: Vendor=0c12 ProdID=8809 Rev= 0.01 +S: Product=XBOX DDR +C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=80 MxPwr=100mA +I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=58(unk. ) Sub=42 Prot=00 Driver=xpad +E: Ad=82(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 32 Ivl=4ms +E: Ad=02(O) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 32 Ivl=4ms + -- Marko Friedemann 2002-07-16 + - original doc + +Dominic Cerquetti +2005-03-19 + - added stuff for dance pads, new d-pad->axes mappings diff --git a/Documentation/input/yealink.txt b/Documentation/input/yealink.txt index 0a8c97e87d47ee6fce48dbe96ff93e6c42d6fa5d..5360e434486ced9970c6c71454b085b3ff617061 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/yealink.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/yealink.txt @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Reading /sys/../lineX will return the format string with its current value: 888888888888 Linux Rocks! -Writing to /sys/../lineX will set the coresponding LCD line. +Writing to /sys/../lineX will set the corresponding LCD line. - Excess characters are ignored. - If less characters are written than allowed, the remaining digits are unchanged. diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl-number.txt b/Documentation/ioctl-number.txt index edc04d74ae239e35308081415ea19cd7de9304bf..5a8bd5bd88eff17f02421165fff6811674e0a53f 100644 --- a/Documentation/ioctl-number.txt +++ b/Documentation/ioctl-number.txt @@ -191,3 +191,5 @@ Code Seq# Include File Comments 0xF3 00-3F video/sisfb.h sisfb (in development) +0xF4 00-1F video/mbxfb.h mbxfb + diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt b/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt index 8ec32cc49eb107bdab130a6cb24c54b6da9dfcb2..62d4af44ec4a2e0a4987d48687dc0bd1d01dcbf0 100644 --- a/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt +++ b/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ CDROM_DISC_STATUS Get disc type, etc. Ok, this is where problems start. The current interface for the CDROM_DISC_STATUS ioctl is flawed. It makes the false assumption that CDs are all CDS_DATA_1 or all CDS_AUDIO, etc. - Unfortunatly, while this is often the case, it is also + Unfortunately, while this is often the case, it is also very common for CDs to have some tracks with data, and some tracks with audio. Just because I feel like it, I declare the following to be the best way to cope. If the CD has diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-decoding.txt b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-decoding.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bfdf7f3ee4f05e0f52e08c8aee1ad55c248b8af4 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/ioctl/ioctl-decoding.txt @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +To decode a hex IOCTL code: + +Most architecures use this generic format, but check +include/ARCH/ioctl.h for specifics, e.g. powerpc +uses 3 bits to encode read/write and 13 bits for size. + + bits meaning + 31-30 00 - no parameters: uses _IO macro + 10 - read: _IOR + 01 - write: _IOW + 11 - read/write: _IOWR + + 29-16 size of arguments + + 15-8 ascii character supposedly + unique to each driver + + 7-0 function # + + + So for example 0x82187201 is a read with arg length of 0x218, +character 'r' function 1. Grepping the source reveals this is: + +#define VFAT_IOCTL_READDIR_BOTH _IOR('r', 1, struct dirent [2]) diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt index 50f4eddf899cac4a06724355a2fd26299ab6909d..4b3d6710c504c6257b7abd7d03129f9320e7c2c5 100644 --- a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt @@ -227,9 +227,9 @@ more details, with real examples. be included in a library, lib.a. All objects listed with lib-y are combined in a single library for that directory. - Objects that are listed in obj-y and additionaly listed in - lib-y will not be included in the library, since they will anyway - be accessible. + Objects that are listed in obj-y and additionally listed in + lib-y will not be included in the library, since they will + be accessible anyway. For consistency, objects listed in lib-m will be included in lib.a. Note that the same kbuild makefile may list files to be built-in @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ Both possibilities are described in the following. Host programs can be made up based on composite objects. The syntax used to define composite objects for host programs is similar to the syntax used for kernel objects. - $(-objs) lists all objects used to link the final + $(-objs) lists all objects used to link the final executable. Example: @@ -1022,7 +1022,7 @@ When kbuild executes, the following steps are followed (roughly): In this example, there are two possible targets, requiring different options to the linker. The linker options are specified using the LDFLAGS_$@ syntax - one for each potential target. - $(targets) are assinged all potential targets, by which kbuild knows + $(targets) are assigned all potential targets, by which kbuild knows the targets and will: 1) check for commandline changes 2) delete target during make clean diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt index c65233d430f0bb6888117c251576422d3fa9811f..284e7e198e93a288624c6258ff30294c6aacf8d6 100644 --- a/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ are: special place-holders for where the extracted documentation should go. -- scripts/docproc.c +- scripts/basic/docproc.c This is a program for converting SGML template files into SGML files. When a file is referenced it is searched for symbols diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt index ff571f9298e0530bb38d3ffdaabea01f1b4aec17..d8323b8893c3709170d3e79c09a975f6bac42864 100644 --- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt +++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt @@ -164,6 +164,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI] Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override. For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer. + acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI} + Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards + that require a timer override, but don't have + HPET acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI] Format: @@ -544,6 +548,13 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file eurwdt= [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog. Format: [,] + failslab= + fail_page_alloc= + fail_make_request=[KNL] + General fault injection mechanism. + Format: ,,, + See also /Documentation/fault-injection/. + fd_mcs= [HW,SCSI] See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c. @@ -553,9 +564,6 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file floppy= [HW] See Documentation/floppy.txt. - ftape= [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options. - See Documentation/ftape.txt. - gamecon.map[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port) @@ -598,8 +606,6 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file hugepages= [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages. - noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing - i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode i8042.dumbkbd [HW] Pretend that controller can only read data from keyboard and cannot control its state @@ -649,6 +655,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file idle= [HW] Format: idle=poll or idle=halt + ignore_loglevel [KNL] + Ignore loglevel setting - this will print /all/ + kernel messages to the console. Useful for debugging. + ihash_entries= [KNL] Set number of hash buckets for inode cache. @@ -713,7 +723,12 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file Format: ,,, isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler. - Format: ,..., + Format: + ,..., + or + - (must be a positive range in ascending order) + or a mixture + ,...,- This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off @@ -1011,6 +1026,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor is present. + noaliencache [MM, NUMA] Disables the allcoation of alien caches in + the slab allocator. Saves per-node memory, but will + impact performance on real NUMA hardware. + noalign [KNL,ARM] noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any @@ -1051,9 +1070,14 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file in certain environments such as networked servers or real-time systems. + noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing + noirqdebug [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and disable unhandled interrupt sources. + no_timer_check [IA-32,X86_64,APIC] Disables the code which tests for + broken timer IRQ sources. + noisapnp [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code. noinitrd [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured @@ -1231,6 +1255,11 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file machine check when some devices' config space is read. But various workarounds are disabled and some IOMMU drivers will not work. + bfsort Sort PCI devices into breadth-first order. + This sorting is done to get a device + order compatible with older (<= 2.4) kernels. + nobfsort Don't sort PCI devices into breadth-first order. + pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4 pd. [PARIDE] @@ -1279,6 +1308,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points. Param: - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for statistical time based profiling. + Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs) processor.max_cstate= [HW,ACPI] Limit processor to maximum C-state @@ -1360,6 +1390,12 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file resume= [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspend + resume_offset= [SWSUSP] + Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition + given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located, + in units (needed only for swap files). + See Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt + rhash_entries= [KNL,NET] Set number of hash buckets for route cache @@ -1410,6 +1446,11 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file scsi_logging= [SCSI] + scsi_mod.scan= [SCSI] sync (default) scans SCSI busses as they are + discovered. async scans them in kernel threads, + allowing boot to proceed. none ignores them, expecting + user space to do the scan. + selinux [SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time. Format: { "0" | "1" } See security/selinux/Kconfig help text. @@ -1721,6 +1762,9 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file norandmaps Don't use address space randomization Equivalent to echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space + unwind_debug=N N > 0 will enable dwarf2 unwinder debugging + This is useful to get more information why + you got a "dwarf2 unwinder stuck" ______________________________________________________________________ diff --git a/Documentation/keys.txt b/Documentation/keys.txt index 3da586bc7859a3f982255547472fcfd5193eaf6a..60c665d9cfaa883416c79efb0fb99245f610a1e2 100644 --- a/Documentation/keys.txt +++ b/Documentation/keys.txt @@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ about the status of the key service: R Revoked D Dead Q Contributes to user's quota - U Under contruction by callback to userspace + U Under construction by callback to userspace N Negative key This file must be enabled at kernel configuration time as it allows anyone diff --git a/Documentation/kprobes.txt b/Documentation/kprobes.txt index ba26201d50234ba3c78e2c0c9084b1d6d25d7110..d71fafffce90de81cba916c5d98dae7db5e9eb63 100644 --- a/Documentation/kprobes.txt +++ b/Documentation/kprobes.txt @@ -442,9 +442,10 @@ static int __init kprobe_init(void) kp.fault_handler = handler_fault; kp.symbol_name = "do_fork"; - if ((ret = register_kprobe(&kp) < 0)) { + ret = register_kprobe(&kp); + if (ret < 0) { printk("register_kprobe failed, returned %d\n", ret); - return -1; + return ret; } printk("kprobe registered\n"); return 0; diff --git a/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt b/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt index c487186eb2b93ac9a0180561396470bce867e4b3..6f639e3473af550bbf384a506fcb9074a60dca2b 100644 --- a/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt +++ b/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ contains the following options: MAX_AGE: Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are -confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode. MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES: @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as --------------------CONFIG FILE BEGIN------------------------------------------- # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are -# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode. #MAX_AGE=600 @@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ fi # set defaults instead: # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are -# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode. MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'} @@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ ACPI integration Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was -writen by Jan Topinski. +written by Jan Topinski. -----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN------------------------------ event=ac_adapter diff --git a/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt b/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt index 994355b0cd19087654d8cab690597944ed633a0a..58408dd023c77e0e0712d02811fc0238c5ee1742 100644 --- a/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt +++ b/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ There are some minimal guarantees that may be expected of a CPU: STORE *X = c, d = LOAD *X - (Loads and stores overlap if they are targetted at overlapping pieces of + (Loads and stores overlap if they are targeted at overlapping pieces of memory). And there are a number of things that _must_ or _must_not_ be assumed: @@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ There are some more advanced barrier functions: (*) set_mb(var, value) - This assigns the value to the variable and then inserts at least a write + This assigns the value to the variable and then inserts a full memory barrier after it, depending on the function. It isn't guaranteed to insert anything more than a compiler barrier in a UP compilation. @@ -1898,7 +1898,7 @@ queue before processing any further requests: smp_wmb(); - p = &b; q = p; + p = &v; q = p; diff --git a/Documentation/mips/time.README b/Documentation/mips/time.README index 69ddc5c14b7990592a1710957985fd9b6e01369b..a4ce603ed3b35876befd795576e9374f34f0b9b3 100644 --- a/Documentation/mips/time.README +++ b/Documentation/mips/time.README @@ -38,19 +38,14 @@ The new time code provide the following services: a) Implements functions required by Linux common code: time_init - do_gettimeofday - do_settimeofday b) provides an abstraction of RTC and null RTC implementation as default. extern unsigned long (*rtc_get_time)(void); extern int (*rtc_set_time)(unsigned long); - c) a set of gettimeoffset functions for different CPUs and different - needs. - - d) high-level and low-level timer interrupt routines where the timer - interrupt source may or may not be the CPU timer. The high-level - routine is dispatched through do_IRQ() while the low-level is + c) high-level and low-level timer interrupt routines where the timer + interrupt source may or may not be the CPU timer. The high-level + routine is dispatched through do_IRQ() while the low-level is dispatched in assemably code (usually int-handler.S) @@ -63,7 +58,7 @@ the following functions or values: a) board_time_init - a function pointer. Invoked at the beginnig of time_init(). It is optional. 1. (optional) set up RTC routines - 2. (optional) calibrate and set the mips_counter_frequency + 2. (optional) calibrate and set the mips_hpt_frequency b) plat_timer_setup - a function pointer. Invoked at the end of time_init() 1. (optional) over-ride any decisions made in time_init() @@ -72,9 +67,8 @@ the following functions or values: c) (optional) board-specific RTC routines. - d) (optional) mips_counter_frequency - It must be definied if the board - is using CPU counter for timer interrupt or it is using fixed rate - gettimeoffset(). + d) (optional) mips_hpt_frequency - It must be definied if the board + is using CPU counter for timer interrupt. PORTING GUIDE @@ -89,22 +83,12 @@ Step 1: decide how you like to implement the time services. If the answer is no, you need a timer to provide the timer interrupt at 100 HZ speed. - You cannot use the fast gettimeoffset functions, i.e., - - unsigned long fixed_rate_gettimeoffset(void); - unsigned long calibrate_div32_gettimeoffset(void); - unsigned long calibrate_div64_gettimeoffset(void); - - You can use null_gettimeoffset() will gives the same time resolution as - jiffy. Or you can implement your own gettimeoffset (probably based on - some ad hoc hardware on your machine.) - c) The following sub steps assume your CPU has counter register. Do you plan to use the CPU counter register as the timer interrupt or use an exnternal timer? In order to use CPU counter register as the timer interrupt source, you - must know the counter speed (mips_counter_frequency). It is usually the + must know the counter speed (mips_hpt_frequency). It is usually the same as the CPU speed or an integral divisor of it. d) decide on whether you want to use high-level or low-level timer @@ -121,10 +105,10 @@ Step 3: implement rtc routines, board_time_init() and plat_timer_setup() if needed. board_time_init() - - a) (optional) set up RTC routines, - b) (optional) calibrate and set the mips_counter_frequency - (only needed if you intended to use fixed_rate_gettimeoffset - or use cpu counter as timer interrupt source) + a) (optional) set up RTC routines, + b) (optional) calibrate and set the mips_hpt_frequency + (only needed if you intended to use cpu counter as timer interrupt + source) plat_timer_setup() - a) (optional) over-write any choices made above by time_init(). @@ -154,8 +138,8 @@ for some of the functions in time.c. For example, you may define your own timer interrupt routine, which does some of its own processing and then calls timer_interrupt(). -You can also over-ride any of the built-in functions (gettimeoffset, -RTC routines and/or timer interrupt routine). +You can also over-ride any of the built-in functions (RTC routines +and/or timer interrupt routine). PORTING NOTES FOR SMP @@ -187,10 +171,3 @@ You need to decide on your timer interrupt sources. You can also do the low-level version of those interrupt routines, following similar dispatching routes described above. - -Note about do_gettimeoffset(): - - It is very likely the CPU counter registers are not sync'ed up in a SMP box. - Therefore you cannot really use the many of the existing routines that - are based on CPU counter. You should wirte your own gettimeoffset rouinte - if you want intra-jiffy resolution. diff --git a/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX b/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX index b1181ce232d987453f13917904a3f1ba180125f2..e06b6e3c1db577d5fe513cc2ea045e3d57507564 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/networking/00-INDEX @@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ fore200e.txt - FORE Systems PCA-200E/SBA-200E ATM NIC driver info. framerelay.txt - info on using Frame Relay/Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI). +generic_netlink.txt + - info on Generic Netlink ip-sysctl.txt - /proc/sys/net/ipv4/* variables ip_dynaddr.txt diff --git a/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt index 93af3e87c65b470828d1fd62193c2ac5590a3e75..fb8dc6422a5212488f362e1a48711afe452f0482 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt @@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ There are two types of event register ACK mechanisms. Move all to dev->poll() C) Ability to detect new work correctly. -NAPI works by shutting down event interrupts when theres work and -turning them on when theres none. +NAPI works by shutting down event interrupts when there's work and +turning them on when there's none. New packets might show up in the small window while interrupts were being re-enabled (refer to appendix 2). A packet might sneak in during the period we are enabling interrupts. We only get to know about such a packet when the @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Locking rules and environmental guarantees only one CPU can pick the initial interrupt and hence the initial netif_rx_schedule(dev); - The core layer invokes devices to send packets in a round robin format. -This implies receive is totaly lockless because of the guarantee only that +This implies receive is totally lockless because of the guarantee that only one CPU is executing it. - contention can only be the result of some other CPU accessing the rx ring. This happens only in close() and suspend() (when these methods @@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ static int my_poll (struct net_device *dev, int *budget) an interrupt will be generated */ goto done; } - /* done! at least thats what it looks like ;-> + /* done! at least that's what it looks like ;-> if new packets came in after our last check on status bits they'll be caught by the while check and we go back and clear them since we havent exceeded our quota */ @@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ done: * 1. it can race with disabling irqs in irq handler (which are done to * schedule polls) * 2. it can race with dis/enabling irqs in other poll threads - * 3. if an irq raised after the begining of the outer beginning - * loop(marked in the code above), it will be immediately + * 3. if an irq raised after the beginning of the outer beginning + * loop (marked in the code above), it will be immediately * triggered here. * - * Summarizing: the logic may results in some redundant irqs both + * Summarizing: the logic may result in some redundant irqs both * due to races in masking and due to too late acking of already * processed irqs. The good news: no events are ever lost. */ @@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ a) 5) dev->close() and dev->suspend() issues ========================================== -The driver writter neednt worry about this. The top net layer takes +The driver writer needn't worry about this; the top net layer takes care of it. 6) Adding new Stats to /proc @@ -622,9 +622,9 @@ FC should be programmed to apply in the case when the system cant pull out packets fast enough i.e send a pause only when you run out of rx buffers. Note FC in itself is a good solution but we have found it to not be much of a commodity feature (both in NICs and switches) and hence falls -under the same category as using NIC based mitigation. Also experiments -indicate that its much harder to resolve the resource allocation -issue (aka lazy receiving that NAPI offers) and hence quantify its usefullness +under the same category as using NIC based mitigation. Also, experiments +indicate that it's much harder to resolve the resource allocation +issue (aka lazy receiving that NAPI offers) and hence quantify its usefulness proved harder. In any case, FC works even better with NAPI but is not necessary. @@ -678,10 +678,10 @@ routine: CSR5 bit of interest is only the rx status. If you look at the last if statement: you just finished grabbing all the packets from the rx ring .. you check if -status bit says theres more packets just in ... it says none; you then +status bit says there are more packets just in ... it says none; you then enable rx interrupts again; if a new packet just came in during this check, we are counting that CSR5 will be set in that small window of opportunity -and that by re-enabling interrupts, we would actually triger an interrupt +and that by re-enabling interrupts, we would actually trigger an interrupt to register the new packet for processing. [The above description nay be very verbose, if you have better wording diff --git a/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt b/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt index 64896470e279b7d4675c46c4673e024026bd815c..6387d3decf858a7c83d2ae65f06c6eccdfa7dfae 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt @@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ c) The driver's hardware probe routine is designed to avoid with device probing. To avoid this behaviour, add one to the `io=' module parameter. This doesn't actually change the I/O address, but it is a flag to tell the driver - topartially initialise the hardware before trying to + to partially initialise the hardware before trying to identify the card. This could be dangerous if you are not sure that there is a cs89x0 card at the provided address. @@ -620,8 +620,8 @@ I/O Address Device IRQ Device 12 Mouse (PS/2) Memory Address Device 13 Math Coprocessor -------------- --------------------- 14 Hard Disk controller -A000-BFFF EGA Graphics Adpater -A000-C7FF VGA Graphics Adpater +A000-BFFF EGA Graphics Adapter +A000-C7FF VGA Graphics Adapter B000-BFFF Mono Graphics Adapter B800-BFFF Color Graphics Adapter E000-FFFF AT BIOS diff --git a/Documentation/networking/dccp.txt b/Documentation/networking/dccp.txt index 74563b38ffd90cdd59a48619fb7a7b46f6ec798a..387482e46c474ed49bcc31081c39528ad1fdbfa4 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/dccp.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/dccp.txt @@ -19,40 +19,92 @@ for real time and multimedia traffic. It has a base protocol and pluggable congestion control IDs (CCIDs). -It is at draft RFC status and the homepage for DCCP as a protocol is at: - http://www.icir.org/kohler/dcp/ +It is at proposed standard RFC status and the homepage for DCCP as a protocol +is at: + http://www.read.cs.ucla.edu/dccp/ Missing features ================ The DCCP implementation does not currently have all the features that are in -the draft RFC. +the RFC. -In particular the following are missing: -- CCID2 support -- feature negotiation - -When testing against other implementations it appears that elapsed time -options are not coded compliant to the specification. +The known bugs are at: + http://linux-net.osdl.org/index.php/TODO#DCCP Socket options ============== -DCCP_SOCKOPT_PACKET_SIZE is used for CCID3 to set default packet size for -calculations. - DCCP_SOCKOPT_SERVICE sets the service. The specification mandates use of service codes (RFC 4340, sec. 8.1.2); if this socket option is not set, the socket will fall back to 0 (which means that no meaningful service code is present). Connecting sockets set at most one service option; for listening sockets, multiple service codes can be specified. +DCCP_SOCKOPT_SEND_CSCOV and DCCP_SOCKOPT_RECV_CSCOV are used for setting the +partial checksum coverage (RFC 4340, sec. 9.2). The default is that checksums +always cover the entire packet and that only fully covered application data is +accepted by the receiver. Hence, when using this feature on the sender, it must +be enabled at the receiver, too with suitable choice of CsCov. + +DCCP_SOCKOPT_SEND_CSCOV sets the sender checksum coverage. Values in the + range 0..15 are acceptable. The default setting is 0 (full coverage), + values between 1..15 indicate partial coverage. +DCCP_SOCKOPT_SEND_CSCOV is for the receiver and has a different meaning: it + sets a threshold, where again values 0..15 are acceptable. The default + of 0 means that all packets with a partial coverage will be discarded. + Values in the range 1..15 indicate that packets with minimally such a + coverage value are also acceptable. The higher the number, the more + restrictive this setting (see [RFC 4340, sec. 9.2.1]). + +Sysctl variables +================ +Several DCCP default parameters can be managed by the following sysctls +(sysctl net.dccp.default or /proc/sys/net/dccp/default): + +request_retries + The number of active connection initiation retries (the number of + Requests minus one) before timing out. In addition, it also governs + the behaviour of the other, passive side: this variable also sets + the number of times DCCP repeats sending a Response when the initial + handshake does not progress from RESPOND to OPEN (i.e. when no Ack + is received after the initial Request). This value should be greater + than 0, suggested is less than 10. Analogue of tcp_syn_retries. + +retries1 + How often a DCCP Response is retransmitted until the listening DCCP + side considers its connecting peer dead. Analogue of tcp_retries1. + +retries2 + The number of times a general DCCP packet is retransmitted. This has + importance for retransmitted acknowledgments and feature negotiation, + data packets are never retransmitted. Analogue of tcp_retries2. + +send_ndp = 1 + Whether or not to send NDP count options (sec. 7.7.2). + +send_ackvec = 1 + Whether or not to send Ack Vector options (sec. 11.5). + +ack_ratio = 2 + The default Ack Ratio (sec. 11.3) to use. + +tx_ccid = 2 + Default CCID for the sender-receiver half-connection. + +rx_ccid = 2 + Default CCID for the receiver-sender half-connection. + +seq_window = 100 + The initial sequence window (sec. 7.5.2). + +tx_qlen = 5 + The size of the transmit buffer in packets. A value of 0 corresponds + to an unbounded transmit buffer. + Notes ===== -SELinux does not yet have support for DCCP. You will need to turn it off or -else you will get EACCES. - -DCCP does not travel through NAT successfully at present. This is because -the checksum covers the psuedo-header as per TCP and UDP. It should be -relatively trivial to add Linux NAT support for DCCP. +DCCP does not travel through NAT successfully at present on many boxes. This is +because the checksum covers the psuedo-header as per TCP and UDP. Linux NAT +support for DCCP has been added. diff --git a/Documentation/networking/e1000.txt b/Documentation/networking/e1000.txt index 5c0a5cc039981926afe71b2a9009c70405e1a95b..61b171cf5313c9b94c3e4fe185a9ff9edf9b5cbc 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/e1000.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/e1000.txt @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ Linux* Base Driver for the Intel(R) PRO/1000 Family of Adapters =============================================================== -November 15, 2005 +September 26, 2006 Contents @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Contents - In This Release - Identifying Your Adapter +- Building and Installation - Command Line Parameters - Speed and Duplex Configuration - Additional Configurations @@ -41,6 +42,9 @@ or later), lspci, and ifconfig to obtain the same information. Instructions on updating ethtool can be found in the section "Additional Configurations" later in this document. +NOTE: The Intel(R) 82562v 10/100 Network Connection only provides 10/100 +support. + Identifying Your Adapter ======================== @@ -51,28 +55,27 @@ Driver ID Guide at: http://support.intel.com/support/network/adapter/pro100/21397.htm For the latest Intel network drivers for Linux, refer to the following -website. In the search field, enter your adapter name or type, or use the +website. In the search field, enter your adapter name or type, or use the networking link on the left to search for your adapter: http://downloadfinder.intel.com/scripts-df/support_intel.asp -Command Line Parameters ======================= +Command Line Parameters +======================= If the driver is built as a module, the following optional parameters -are used by entering them on the command line with the modprobe or insmod -command using this syntax: +are used by entering them on the command line with the modprobe command +using this syntax: modprobe e1000 [