media: v4l: async: Introduce helpers for calling async ops callbacks

Add three helper functions to call async operations callbacks. Besides
simplifying callbacks, this allows async notifiers to have no ops set,
i.e. it can be left NULL.

Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Acked-by: Niklas Söderlund <niklas.soderlund+renesas@ragnatech.se>
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Reichel <sebastian.reichel@collabora.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>