tpm: Use dynamic delay to wait for TPM 2.0 self test result

In order to avoid delaying the code longer than necessary while still
giving the TPM enough time to execute the self tests asynchronously, start
with a small delay between two polls and increase it each round.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Steffen <Alexander.Steffen@infineon.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko.sakkinen@linux.intel.com>